回调函数用起来比较爽。特别是在js中,满世界全是回调,那么在python中,怎么来优雅地实现自己的回调函数呢
下面贴一个我写的例子
class BaseHandler(object):
 def crawl(self, url, **kwargs):
 if kwargs.get('callback'):
 callback = kwargs['callback']
 if isinstance(callback, basestring) and hasattr(self, callback):
 func = getattr(self, callback)
 elif hasattr(callback, 'im_self') and callback.im_self is self:
 func = callback
 resp = requests.get(url)
 return func(resp)
class Anjuke(BaseHandler):
 def on_start(self):
 self.crawl(start_url, callback=self.index_url)
 def index_url(self, response):
 print response.text
a = Anjuke()
print a.on_start()
其实就是通过kwargs获取到callback的对象/字符串,然后通过getattr(self, callback)来反射得到回调的方法,然后调用即可。
接着可以进一步抽象,增加回调方法的复用,于是BaseHandler可以改写成装饰器方式
def callback(f):
 def wrapper(obj, *args, **kwargs):
 resp = f(obj, *args, **kwargs)
 if kwargs.get('callback'):
 mcallback = kwargs['callback']
 if isinstance(callback, basestring) and hasattr(obj, mcallback):
 func = getattr(obj, mcallback)
 elif hasattr(mcallback, 'im_self') and mcallback.im_self is obj:
 func = mcallback
 kwargs['callback'] = func.__name__
 else:
 raise NotImplementedError("self.%s() not implemented!" % callback)
 return func(resp)
 return wrapper
class BaseHandler(object):
 @callback
 def crawl(self, url, **kwargs):
 url = quote_chinese(_build_url(url.strip(), kwargs.get('params')))
 return requests.get(url)