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JavaScript实现浅拷贝与深拷贝的方法分析

更新时间:2020-07-15 10:36:01 作者:startmvc
本文实例讲述了JavaScript实现浅拷贝与深拷贝的方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:

本文实例讲述了JavaScript实现浅拷贝与深拷贝的方法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:

平时使用数组复制时,我们大多数会使用‘=',这只是浅拷贝,存在很多问题。比如


let arr = [1,2,3,4,5];
let arr2 = arr;
console.log(arr) //[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
console.log(arr2) //[1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
arr[0] = 6;
console.log(arr) //[6, 2, 3, 4, 5]
console.log(arr2) //[6, 2, 3, 4, 5]
arr2[4] = 7;
console.log(arr) //[6, 2, 3, 4, 7]
console.log(arr2) //[6, 2, 3, 4, 7]

很明显,浅拷贝下,拷贝和被拷贝的数组会相互受到影响。所以,必须要有一种不受影响的方法,那就是深拷贝。

深拷贝的实现方式有很多种。

一、for循环实现深拷贝


//for循环copy
function copy(arr) {
 let cArr = []
 for(let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++){
 cArr.push(arr[i])
 }
 return cArr;
}
let arr3 = [1,2,3,4];
let arr4 = copy(arr3) //[1,2,3,4]
console.log(arr4) //[1,2,3,4]
arr3[0] = 5;
console.log(arr3) //[5,2,3,4]
console.log(arr4) //[1,2,3,4]

二、slice方法实现深拷贝


//slice实现深拷贝
let arr5 = [1,2,3,4];
let arr6 = arr5.slice(0);
arr5[0] = 5;
console.log(arr5); //[5,2,3,4]
console.log(arr6); //[1,2,3,4]

三、concat实现深拷贝


//concat实现深拷贝
let arr7 = [1,2,3,4];
let arr8 = arr7.concat();
arr7[0] = 5;
console.log(arr7); //[5,2,3,4]
console.log(arr8); //[1,2,3,4]

四、es6扩展运算实现深拷贝


//es6扩展运算实现深拷贝
let arr9 = [1,2,3,4];
let [...arr10] = arr9;
arr9[0] = 5;
console.log(arr9) //[5,2,3,4]
console.log(arr10) //[1,2,3,4]

五、对象的循环深拷贝


// 循环copy对象
let obj = {
 id:'0',
 name:'king',
 sex:'man'
}
let obj2 = copy2(obj)
function copy2(obj) {
 let cObj = {};
 for(var key in obj){
 cObj[key] = obj[key]
 }
 return cObj
}
console.log(obj) //{id: "0", name: "king", sex: "man"}
console.log(obj2) //{id: "0", name: "king", sex: "man"}

六、对象转换成json实现深拷贝


//转换成json
let obj3 = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(obj));
console.log(obj3) //{id: "0", name: "king", sex: "man"}

七、es6扩展运算实现深拷贝


let {...obj4}= obj
console.log(obj4) //{id: "0", name: "king", sex: "man"}

八、通用深拷贝


var clone = function (v) {
 var o = v.constructor === Array ? [] : {};
 for(var i in v){
 o[i] = typeof v[i] === "object" ? clone(v[i]) : v[i];
 }
 return o;
}

总结:深刻理解javascript的深浅拷贝,可以灵活的运用数组,并且可以避免很多bug。

JavaScript 浅拷贝 深拷贝