python

超轻量级php框架startmvc

flask/django 动态查询表结构相同表名不同数据的Model实现方法

更新时间:2020-07-27 21:00:01 作者:startmvc
1.问题为了控制数据的增长,经常需要分表,数据库中存在多张结构相同,表名相关的表,

1.问题

为了控制数据的增长,经常需要分表,数据库中存在多张结构相同,表名相关的表,如:

table_201706 table_201707 table_201708

怎么通过SQLAlchemy 或者django查询相关的数据表,而不用每次都创建Model呢

2.解决方法

分别在flask和django下实现,代码如下

2.1 flask+sqlalchemy


# -*-coding:utf-8


class NewDynamicModel(object):
 """
 动态产生模型和表的对应关系模型
 :param base_cls: 基类模型,虚类,如TemplateModel
 :param tb_name: 数据库中对应的表名, 如tb_test_2017
 :return: Model class
 eg:
 '''
 class TemplateModel(db.Model):
 __abstract__ = True
 id = db.Column(db.Integer(), autoincrement=True, primary_key=True)
 name = db.Column(db.VARCHAR(32), nullable=False)

 Test_2017 = NewDynamicModel(TemplateModel, 'tb_test_2017')
 print Test_2017.query.all()
 '''
 """
 _instance = dict()

 def __new__(cls, base_cls, tb_name):
 new_cls_name = "%s_To_%s" % (
 base_cls.__name__, '_'.join(map(lambda x:x.capitalize(),tb_name.split('_'))))

 if new_cls_name not in cls._instance:
 model_cls = type(new_cls_name, (base_cls,),
 {'__tablename__': tb_name})
 cls._instance[new_cls_name] = model_cls

 return cls._instance[new_cls_name]

Bug:由于新的数据模型是通过type动态创建的,实际module 下的py文件并不存在该类的代码,因而在通过pickle等方式序列化的时候,会报找不到类的错误。

Fixbug: 通过inspect库,拷贝基类的代码作为副本,并替换tablename 属性,写入临时类定义文件,并引入module。

新的方式实现如下:


class NewDynamicModel(object):
 """
 动态产生模型和表的对应关系模型
 :param base_cls: 基类模型,虚类,如TemplateModel
 :param tb_name: 数据库中对应的表名, 如tb_test_2017
 :return: Model class
 eg:
 '''
 class TemplateModel(db.Model):
 __abstract__ = True
 id = db.Column(db.Integer(), autoincrement=True, primary_key=True)
 name = db.Column(db.VARCHAR(32), nullable=False)



 Test_2017 = NewDynamicModel(TemplateModel, 'tb_test_2017')
 print Test_2017.query.all()
 '''
 """

 @staticmethod
 def get_import_codes(Model):
 """
 获取基类的import依赖
 :param Model:
 :return:
 """
 module = inspect.getmodule(Model)
 all_codelines = inspect.getsourcelines(module)
 import_codes = []
 import_codes.append('# -*-coding:utf-8\n')
 for i in all_codelines[0]:
 match = re.search(r'[from]*[\w|\s]*import [\w|\s]*', i)
 if match:
 import_codes.append(i)
 import_codes.extend(['\n', '\n'])

 return import_codes

 @staticmethod
 def get_codes(Model, new_model_name, tb_name):
 """
 获取基类的实现代码
 :param Model:
 :param new_model_name:
 :param tb_name:
 :return:
 """
 codes = inspect.getsourcelines(Model)[0]
 result = []
 has_alias_tb_name = False
 result.append(codes[0].replace(Model.__name__, new_model_name))
 for line in codes[1:]:
 match = re.search(r'\s+__tablename__\s+=\s+\'(?P<name>\w+)\'', line)
 abstract = re.search(r'(?P<indent>\s+)__abstract__\s+=\s+', line)
 if abstract:
 del line
 continue

 if match:
 name = match.groupdict()['name']
 line = line.replace(name, tb_name)
 has_alias_tb_name = True

 result.append(line)

 if not has_alias_tb_name:
 result.append("%s__tablename__ = '%s'\n" % (' ', tb_name))

 return result

 @staticmethod
 def create_new_module(module_name, codes):
 """
 创建新表映射类的module文件
 :param module_name:
 :param codes:
 :return:
 """
 f_path = os.path.join(CURRENT_PATH, '_tmp/%s.py' % module_name)
 fp = open(f_path, 'w')
 for i in codes:
 fp.write(i)
 fp.close()

 return import_module('sync_session.models._tmp.%s' % module_name)

 _instance = dict()

 def __new__(cls, base_cls, tb_name):
 new_cls_name = "%s_To_%s" % (
 base_cls.__name__, ''.join(map(lambda x: x.capitalize(), tb_name.split('_'))))

 if tb_name not in engine.table_names():
 raise TableNotExist

 if new_cls_name not in cls._instance:
 import_codes = cls.get_import_codes(base_cls)
 class_codes = cls.get_codes(base_cls, new_cls_name, tb_name)
 import_codes.extend(class_codes)
 new_module_name = new_cls_name.lower()
 new_module = cls.create_new_module(new_module_name, import_codes)
 model_cls = getattr(new_module, new_cls_name)

 cls._instance[new_cls_name] = model_cls

 return cls._instance[new_cls_name]

2.2 django


# -*-coding:utf-8
from django.db import models


class NewDynamicModel(object):
 """
 动态产生模型和表的对应关系模型
 :param base_cls: 基类模型,虚类,如TemplateModel
 :param tb_name: 数据库中对应的表名, 如tb_test_2017
 :return: Model class
 eg:
 '''
 class TemplateModel(models.Model):
 id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
 name = models.CharField(max_length=50)

 class Meta:
 abstract = True

 Test_2017 = NewDynamicModel(TemplateModel, 'tb_test_2017')
 print Test_2017.objects.all()
 '''
 """
 _instance = dict()

 def __new__(cls, base_cls, tb_name):
 new_cls_name = "%s_To_%s" % (
 base_cls.__name__, '_'.join(map(lambda x:x.capitalize(),tb_name.split('_'))))

 if new_cls_name not in cls._instance:
 new_meta_cls = base_cls.Meta
 new_meta_cls.db_table = tb_name
 model_cls = type(new_cls_name, (base_cls,),
 {'__tablename__': tb_name, 'Meta': new_meta_cls, '__module__': cls.__module__})
 cls._instance[new_cls_name] = model_cls

 return cls._instance[new_cls_name]

以上这篇flask/django 动态查询表结构相同表名不同数据的Model实现方法就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

flask django 动态查询 表结构 Model