PyQT实现多窗口切换

最近做个软件，用PyQT写的，在实现菜单栏点击弹出新窗口的时候严重被卡壳，发现用WxPython的思想和方式来做完全无法实现。PyQT的中文资料实在是太少了。看了点英文资料和QT的资料，逆推PyQT的实现方法，总算搞定。下面是一个小demo。

主界面的代码如下所示：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
 
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui 
from dialog1 import Dialog1 
from dialog2 import Dialog2 
import sys 
 
try: 
 _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8 
except AttributeError: 
 def _fromUtf8(s): 
 return s 
 
try: 
 _encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8 
 def _translate(context, text, disambig): 
 return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding) 
except AttributeError: 
 def _translate(context, text, disambig): 
 return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig) 
 
class MainWindow(QtGui.QWidget): 
 
 dialog1_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal() #定义一个无参数的信号，串口设定与子站初始化信号 
 dialog2_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal() #定义一个无参数的信号，串口设定与子站初始化信号 
 exit_signal = QtCore.pyqtSignal() #定义一个无参数的信号，串口设定与子站初始化信号 
 
 def __init__(self): 
 super(MainWindow,self).__init__() 
 
 def setupUi(self, Form): 
 Form.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("Form")) 
 Form.resize(400, 300) 
 self.form = Form 
 self.pushButton = QtGui.QPushButton(Form) 
 self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(70, 90, 75, 23)) 
 self.pushButton.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton")) 
 self.pushButton_2 = QtGui.QPushButton(Form) 
 self.pushButton_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(240, 90, 75, 23)) 
 self.pushButton_2.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton_2")) 
 self.pushButton_3 = QtGui.QPushButton(Form) 
 self.pushButton_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(150, 160, 75, 23)) 
 self.pushButton_3.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton_3")) 
 self.label = QtGui.QLabel(Form) 
 self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(170, 40, 54, 16)) 
 self.label.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label")) 
 
 self.retranslateUi(Form) 
 QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form) 
 
 #信号连接到指定槽 
 self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_clicked) 
 self.pushButton_2.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_2_clicked) 
 self.pushButton_3.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_3_clicked) 
 
 
 def retranslateUi(self, Form): 
 Form.setWindowTitle(_translate("Form", "Form", None)) 
 self.pushButton.setText(_translate("Form", "进入dialog1", None)) 
 self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("Form", "进入dialog2", None)) 
 self.pushButton_3.setText(_translate("Form", "退出", None)) 
 self.label.setText(_translate("Form", "主窗体", None)) 
 
 def on_pushButton_clicked(self): 
 self.form.hide() 
 Form1 = QtGui.QDialog() 
 ui = Dialog1() 
 ui.setupUi(Form1) 
 Form1.show() 
 Form1.exec_() 
 self.form.show() 
 
 def on_pushButton_3_clicked(self, Form): 
 #QtCore.QObject.connect( self.pushButton_3, QtCore.SIGNAL("clicked()"), self, QtCore.SLOT(quit())) 
 #也可以这样 
 self.form.close() 
 
 def on_pushButton_2_clicked(self): 
 self.form.close() 
 Form1 = QtGui.QDialog() 
 ui = Dialog2() 
 ui.setupUi(Form1) 
 Form1.show() 
 Form1.exec_() 
 self.form.show() 
 
if __name__ == '__main__': 
 app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv) 
 Form = QtGui.QWidget() 
 window = MainWindow() 
 window.setupUi(Form) 
 Form.show() 
 sys.exit(app.exec_()) 
 
 pass 

Dialog1界面的代码如下：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
 
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui 
 
 
try: 
 _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8 
except AttributeError: 
 def _fromUtf8(s): 
 return s 
 
try: 
 _encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8 
 def _translate(context, text, disambig): 
 return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding) 
except AttributeError: 
 def _translate(context, text, disambig): 
 return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig) 
 
class Dialog1(QtGui.QWidget): 
 def setupUi(self, Dialog): 
 Dialog.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("Dialog")) 
 Dialog.resize(400, 300) 
 self.form = Dialog 
 self.label = QtGui.QLabel(Dialog) 
 self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(180, 50, 54, 12)) 
 self.label.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label")) 
 self.dialog1_pushButton = QtGui.QPushButton(Dialog) 
 self.dialog1_pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 130, 75, 23)) 
 self.dialog1_pushButton.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton")) 
 
 self.retranslateUi(Dialog) 
 QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog) 
 
 #信号连接到指定槽 
 self.dialog1_pushButton.clicked.connect(self.on_dialog1_pushButton_clicked) 
 
 def retranslateUi(self, Dialog): 
 Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "Dialog", None)) 
 self.label.setText(_translate("Dialog", "dialog1", None)) 
 self.dialog1_pushButton.setText(_translate("Dialog", "返回主窗体", None)) 
 
 def on_dialog1_pushButton_clicked(self): 
 self.form.close() 
 
if __name__ == "__main__": 
 import sys 
 app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv) 
 Dialog = QtGui.QDialog() 
 ui = Dialog1() 
 ui.setupUi(Dialog) 
 Dialog.show() 
 sys.exit(app.exec_()) 
 

Dialog2界面的代码如下：
[python] view plain copy
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
 
from PyQt4 import QtCore, QtGui 
 
 
try: 
 _fromUtf8 = QtCore.QString.fromUtf8 
except AttributeError: 
 def _fromUtf8(s): 
 return s 
 
try: 
 _encoding = QtGui.QApplication.UnicodeUTF8 
 def _translate(context, text, disambig): 
 return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig, _encoding) 
except AttributeError: 
 def _translate(context, text, disambig): 
 return QtGui.QApplication.translate(context, text, disambig) 
 
class Dialog2(object): 
 def setupUi(self, Dialog): 
 Dialog.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("Dialog")) 
 Dialog.resize(400, 300) 
 self.form = Dialog 
 self.label = QtGui.QLabel(Dialog) 
 self.label.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(180, 60, 54, 12)) 
 self.label.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("label")) 
 self.pushButton = QtGui.QPushButton(Dialog) 
 self.pushButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(160, 140, 75, 23)) 
 self.pushButton.setObjectName(_fromUtf8("pushButton")) 
 
 self.retranslateUi(Dialog) 
 QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Dialog) 
 
 #信号连接到指定槽 
 self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_clicked) 
 
 def retranslateUi(self, Dialog): 
 Dialog.setWindowTitle(_translate("Dialog", "Dialog", None)) 
 self.label.setText(_translate("Dialog", "dialog2", None)) 
 self.pushButton.setText(_translate("Dialog", "返回主窗体", None)) 
 
 def on_pushButton_clicked(self): 
 self.form .close() 
 
if __name__ == "__main__": 
 import sys 
 app = QtGui.QApplication(sys.argv) 
 Dialog = QtGui.QDialog() 
 ui = Dialog2() 
 ui.setupUi(Dialog) 
 Dialog.show() 
 sys.exit(app.exec_()) 

按钮绑定到新弹出界面的处理函数，使用的槽连接方式为：

self.pushButton.clicked.connect(self.on_pushButton_clicked) 

如果是Menu项绑定到新弹出界面的处理函数，则应使用的槽连接方式为：

QtCore.QObject.connect(self.set_value_menu, QtCore.SIGNAL(_fromUtf8("triggered()")), self.open_set_value_form) 

二者使用的槽处理函数基本一致。 若不显示原界面，只需将原界面hide()即可，如：

self.form.hide() 

若需在弹出新窗口时同时原窗口保持可见，则不需这一步。且在这种情况下，若要原窗口可选为顶层窗体，则在显示新窗口时应使用show()：

Form1.show() 

若新窗口为固定的顶层窗体，原窗体被遮盖，则应使用exec_()：

Form1.exec_() 

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。