Python 调用 zabbix api的方法示例

前提准备：1.使用pythonrequests模块2.了解json3.zabbixapi的具体调用建议先浏览一下官网先上代码

前提准备：

1.使用python requests模块

2.了解json

3.zabbix api的具体调用建议先浏览一下官网

先上代码：

import requests,json
#
#url一定要正确，IP地址换成自己zabbix服务器的
zbx_url = "http://192.168.60.130:3080/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php"

#在post请求头部必须要有 'Content-Type': 'application/json-rpc'
headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json-rpc'}

#传递json 数据到api;登录
login = {
 "jsonrpc": "2.0",
 "method": "user.login",
 "params": {
 "user": "Admin",
 "password": "zabbix"
 },
 "id": 1
}
#首次登陆不用在json字段中写 auth，否则会有相关的报错

#将数据发送到api
ret = requests.post(zbx_url, data=json.dumps(login), headers=headers)

#对结果进行序列化
ret = ret.json()
auth = ret['result']

#获取问题主机json
data = {
 "jsonrpc": "2.0",
 "method":"trigger.get",
 "params": {
 # output表示输出结果包含参数有哪些
 "output": [
 "triggerid",
 "description",
 "status",
 "value",
 "priority",
 "lastchange",
 "recovery_mode",
 "hosts",
 "state",
 ],
 "selectHosts": "hosts", # 需包含主机ID信息，以便于根据主机ID查询主机信息
 "selectItems":"items",
 "filter": {
 # 筛选条件
 "value": 1,#value值为1表示有问题
 "status": 0#status为0表示已启用的trigger
 },
 },
 "auth":auth,#这里的auth就是登录后获取的
 'id':'1'#这个id可以随意
}

#将查询数据发送到zabbix-server
ret = requests.post(zbx_url,data=json.dumps(data),headers=headers)

respone_result = ret.json()['result']#对结果进行json序列化

print(respone_result)

下面简单介绍一下上诉代码：

要调用zabbix api获取数据，首先要获得auth这一串字符用户后续的内容获取，auth可以看做是一种你与zabbix-server之间的"暗号"；

登录的json内容之所以这样写是zabbix官方规定的，json字符串里面千万不能使用tab键。

login = {
 "jsonrpc": "2.0",
 "method": "user.login",
 "params": {
 "user": "Admin", #根据自己的情况填
 "password": "zabbix" #根据自己的条件填写
 },
 "id": 1
}

获取问题主机的json字符串建议先浏览一下官网的说明，要强调的是output和filter这两个key，output就是zabbix api返回来的内容，filter相当于是过滤条件：

"filter": {
 # 筛选条件
 "value": 1, #value值为1表示有问题
 "status": 0 #status为0表示已启用的trigger
 },

上诉代码表示 value=1 and status=0，是一种与关系，很像查数据库表时候的过滤操作。

强烈建议先大概浏览一下官网文档

PS:Python通过Zabbix API获得数据的方法

Zabbix API查询：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/2.0/manual/appendix/api/api

import json,urllib2
from urllib2 import Request, urlopen, URLError, HTTPError
#url and url header
#zabbix的api 地址，用户名，密码，这里修改为自己实际的参数
zabbix_url="http://10.16.2.40/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php"
zabbix_header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}
zabbix_user = "admin"
zabbix_pass = "password"
auth_code = ""

#auth user and password
#用户认证信息的部分，最终的目的是得到一个SESSIONID
#这里是生成一个json格式的数据，用户名和密码
auth_data = json.dumps(
 {
 "jsonrpc":"2.0",
 "method":"user.login",
 "params":
 {
 "user":zabbix_user,
 "password":zabbix_pass
 },
 "id":0
 })

# create request object
request = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,auth_data)

for key in zabbix_header:
 request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key])

try:
 result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
#对于出错新的处理
except HTTPError, e:
 print 'The server couldn\'t fulfill the request, Error code: ', e.code
except URLError, e:
 print 'We failed to reach a server.Reason: ', e.reason
else:
 response=json.loads(result.read())
 print response
 result.close()

#判断SESSIONID是否在返回的数据中
if 'result' in response:
 auth_code=response['result']
else:
 print response['error']['data']
 
# request json
#用得到的SESSIONID去通过验证，获取主机的信息（用http.get方法）
if len(auth_code) <> 0:
 host_list=[]
 get_host_data = json.dumps(
 {
 "jsonrpc":"2.0",
 "method":"host.get",
 "params":{
 "output": "extend",
 },
 "auth":auth_code,
 "id":1,
 })

 # create request object
 request = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,get_host_data)
 for key in zabbix_header:
 request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key])

 # get host list
 try:
 result = urllib2.urlopen(request)
 except URLError as e:
 if hasattr(e, 'reason'):
 print 'We failed to reach a server.'
 print 'Reason: ', e.reason
 elif hasattr(e, 'code'):
 print 'The server could not fulfill the request.'
 print 'Error code: ', e.code
 else:
 response = json.loads(result.read())
 result.close() 
 #将所有的主机信息显示出来
 for r in response['result']:
 # print r['hostid'],r['host']
 host_list.append(r['hostid'])
 #显示主机的个数
 print "Number Of Hosts: ", len(host_list)

 

　　#返回所有hostid==10251的主机，并只查询name包含“CPU Usage”字段的item，并按照name排序
 get_item_data = json.dumps({
 "jsonrpc": "2.0",
 "method": "item.get",
 "params": {
 "output": "extend",
 "hostids": "10251"
 "search": {
 #"key_": 'perf_counter[\Processor Information(_Total)\% Processor Time]'
 "name": "CPU Usage"
 },
 "sortfield": "name"
 },
 "auth": auth_code,
 "id": 1
 })

 request = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,get_item_data)
 for key in zabbix_header:
 request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key])
 result = urllib2.urlopen(request)

 try:
 result = urllib2.urlopen(request) 
 response = json.loads(result.read())
 for r in response['result']:
 print r['itemid'],r['hostid']
 result.close() 
 except:
 pass

 #通过hostid获取相应的graphid
 get_graph_data = json.dumps({
 "jsonrpc": "2.0",
 "method": "graphitem.get",
 "params": {
 "output": "extend",
 "expandData": 1,
 "itemids": "33712"
 },
 "auth": auth_code,
 "id": 1
 })
 request = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,get_graph_data)
 for key in zabbix_header:
 request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key])
 result = urllib2.urlopen(request)

 try:
 result = urllib2.urlopen(request) 
 response = json.loads(result.read())
 for r in response['result']:
 print r['itemid'],r['graphid']
 result.close() 
 except:
 pass

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

Python 调用zabbix api Python zabbix api