vue-router的使用方法及含参数的配置方法

更新时间：2020-08-05 07:24:01 作者：startmvc

htmlrouter-link：跳转链接参数to：就是跳转到的链接位置二层链接eg：<router-linkto="/users/evan"&

html

router-link：跳转链接

参数to：就是跳转到的链接位置

二层链接 eg：


<router-link to="/users/evan">/users/evan</router-link>

需要配置所对应的对应的children

children所对应的参数

path：可分我固定的参数url 和带参数的区别于：（冒号）

name：对应的参数的模块名称（动态传参数）

component:可以传多个组件


eg：
{ path: '/',
 // a single route can define multiple named components
 // which will be rendered into <router-view>s with corresponding names.
 components: {
 default: Foo,
 a: Bar,
 b: Baz
 }
},

:to="{ name: 'user', params: { username: 'evan' }, query: { foo: 'bar' }}"

参数说明params 对应的是children的path的值，to中的name为vueRouter中的name

当要传多个参数时


{ path: ':username/:aaa', name: 'user', component: User }

也可以利用query传值


query: { foo: 'bar' }
eg: path: ':username'

redirect：链接直接指向指定的方向（重定向）


beforeEnter：
·
{ path: '/dashboard', component: Dashboard, beforeEnter: requireAuth },
function requireAuth (route, redirect, next) {
 if (!auth.loggedIn()) {
 redirect({
 path: '/login',
 query: { redirect: route.fullPath }
 })
 } else {
 next()
 }
}

使用props将组件和路由解耦：

在组件中使用$route会使之与其对应路由形成高度耦合，从而使组件只能在某些特定的url上使用，限制了其灵活性。

对应的参数的值的获取


{{$route.params.username1 }}
 { path: '/users', component: Users,
 children: [
 { path: ':username', name: 'user', component: User }
 ]
 }

eg:


 <ul>
 <li><router-link to="/">/</router-link></li>
 <li><router-link to="/" exact>/ (exact match)</router-link></li>

 <li><router-link to="/users">/users</router-link></li>
 <li><router-link to="/users" exact>/users (exact match)</router-link></li>

 <li><router-link to="/users/evan">/users/evan</router-link></li>
 <li><router-link to="/users/evan#foo">/users/evan#foo</router-link></li>
 <li>
 <router-link :to="{ path: '/users/evan', query: { foo: 'bar' }}">
 /users/evan?foo=bar
 </router-link>
 </li>
 <li><!-- #635 -->
 <router-link :to="{ name: 'user', params: { username: 'evan' }, query: { foo: 'bar' }}" exact>
 /users/evan?foo=bar (named view + exact match)
 </router-link>
 </li>
 <li>
 <router-link :to="{ path: '/users/evan', query: { foo: 'bar', baz: 'qux' }}">
 /users/evan?foo=bar&baz=qux
 </router-link>
 </li>

 <li><router-link to="/about">/about</router-link></li>

 <router-link tag="li" to="/about">
 <a>/about (active class on outer element)</a>
 </router-link>
 </ul>


const router = new VueRouter({
 mode: 'history',
 base: __dirname,
 routes: [
 { path: '/', component: Home },
 { path: '/about', component: About },
 { path: '/users', component: Users,
 children: [
 { path: ':username', name: 'user', component: User }
 ]
 }
 ]
})

js:vue-router配置

router-view：组件的放置位置

对应的链接所对应的组件的配置

路由底下的子组件


{ path: '/users', component: Users,
 children: [
 { path: ':username', name: 'user', component: User }
 ]
 }

//组件


Vue.use(VueRouter)

const Home = { template: '<div><h2>Home</h2></div>' }
const About = { template: '<div><h2>About</h2></div>' }

const Users = {
 template: `
 <div>
 <h2>Users</h2>
 <router-view></router-view>
 </div>
 `
}

const User = { template: '<div>{{ $route.params.username }}</div>' }

==================分界线====================

案例：1


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script>
<div id="app">
 <h1>Hello App!</h1>
 <p>
 <!-- 使用 router-link 组件来导航. -->
 <!-- 通过传入 `to` 属性指定链接. -->
 <!-- <router-link> 默认会被渲染成一个 `<a>` 标签 -->
 <router-link to="/foo">Go to Foo</router-link>
 <router-link to="/bar">Go to Bar</router-link>
 </p>
 <!-- 路由出口 -->
 <!-- 路由匹配到的组件将渲染在这里 -->
 <router-view></router-view>
</div>
<script>
 var Foo = { template: '<div>foo</div>' }
 var Home= { template：'<div>Home</div>' }
 var Bar = { template: '<div>bar</div>' }

 // 2. 定义路由
 // 每个路由应该映射一个组件。 其中"component" 可以是
 // 通过 Vue.extend() 创建的组件构造器，
 // 或者，只是一个组件配置对象。
 // 我们晚点再讨论嵌套路由。
 var routes = [
 { path: '/', component: Home},
 { path: '/foo', component: Foo },
 { path: '/bar', component: Bar }
 ]

 // 3. 创建 router 实例，然后传 `routes` 配置
 // 你还可以传别的配置参数, 不过先这么简单着吧。
 var router = new VueRouter({
 routes // （缩写）相当于 routes: routes
 })

 // 4. 创建和挂载根实例。
 // 记得要通过 router 配置参数注入路由，
 // 从而让整个应用都有路由功能
 var app = new Vue({
 router,
 el:'#app'
 })
</script>
</body>
</html>

实现效果

=====================================

案例：2

path的二级链接固定参数


<div id="app">
 <h1>Data Fetching</h1>
 <ul>
 <li><router-link to="/">/</router-link></li>
 <li><router-link to="/user/even" exact>/users (exact match)</router-link></li>
</ul>
 <router-view class="view"></router-view>
</div>
<script>
 var Users = {
 template: '<div><h2>Users</h2><router-view></router-view> </div>'
 }
 var User = {
 template: '<div>{{$route.params.username1 }}</div>'
 }
 var Home = {
 template: '<div>Home</div>'
 }
 var router = new VueRouter({
 routes: [
 { path: '/', component: Home,},
 // 动态路径参数 以冒号开头
 { path: '/user', component: Users,
 children: [
 { path: ':username1', name: 'bbb', component: User }
 ]}
 ]
 })
 new Vue({
 el:"#app",
 router,
 data:{
 name:111
 }
 })

二级链接动态参数


<div id="app">
 <h1>Data Fetching</h1>
 <ul>
 <li><router-link to="/">/</router-link></li>
 <li><router-link :to="{ name: 'bbb', params: { username: name}}" exact>/users/evan?foo=bar (named view + exact match)
 </router-link>
 </li>
</ul>
 <router-view class="view"></router-view>
</div>
<script>
 var Users = {
 template: '<div><h2>Users</h2><router-view></router-view> </div>'
 }
 var User = {
 template: '<div>{{$route.params.username }}</div>'
 }
 var Home = {
 template: '<div>Home</div>'
 }
 var router = new VueRouter({
 routes: [
 { path: '/', component: Home,},
 // 动态路径参数 以冒号开头
 { path: '/user', component: Users,
 children: [
 { path: ':username', name: 'bbb', component: User }
 ]}
 ]
 })
 new Vue({
 el:"#app",
 router,
 data:{
 name:111
 }
 })
</script>

实现效果

注意与上一个实例进行对比发现链接的地址并没有发生改变，刷新后会返回首页

如何解决这个问题呢

==============案例=======================


<div id="app">
 <h1>Data Fetching</h1>
 <ul>
 <li><router-link to="/">/</router-link></li>
 <li><router-link :to='{name:"user", params:{ id:111 }}'>111</router-link>
 </li>
</ul>
 <router-view class="view"></router-view>
</div>
<script>
 var Users = {
 template: '<div><h2>Users</h2><div>{{$route.params.id}}</div></div>'
 }
 var Home = {
 template: '<div>Home</div>'
 }
 var router = new VueRouter({
 routes: [
 { path: '/', component: Home,},
 // 动态路径参数 以冒号开头
 { path: '/user/:id', name:'user', component: Users}
 ]
 })
 new Vue({
 el:"#app",
 router,
 data:{
 name:111
 }
 })
</script>

====================案例传多个组件==============================


<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue/dist/vue.js"></script>
<script src="https://unpkg.com/vue-router/dist/vue-router.js"></script>
<div id="app">
 <h1>Named Views</h1>
 <ul>
 <li><router-link to="/">/</router-link></li>
 <li><router-link to="/other">/other</router-link></li>
 </ul>
 <router-view class="view one"></router-view>
 <router-view class="view two" name="a"></router-view>
 <router-view class="view three" name="b"></router-view>
</div>
<script>

 var Foo = { template: '<div>foo</div>' }
 var Bar = { template: '<div>bar</div>' }
 var Baz = { template: '<div>baz</div>' }

 var router = new VueRouter({
 mode: 'history',
 routes: [
 { path: '/',
 // a single route can define multiple named components
 // which will be rendered into <router-view>s with corresponding names.
 components: {
 default: Foo,
 a: Bar,
 b: Baz
 }
 },
 {
 path: '/other',
 components: {
 default: Baz,
 a: Bar,
 b: Foo
 }
 }
 ]
 })
 // 4. 创建和挂载根实例。
 // 记得要通过 router 配置参数注入路由，
 // 从而让整个应用都有路由功能
 var app = new Vue({
 router,
 el:'#app'
 })
</script>