python之PyQt按钮右键菜单功能的实现代码

实现效果如下图：这篇文字主要写了两方面的内容：第一是按钮的自定义，第二是右键菜单

实现效果如下图：

这篇文字主要写了两方面的内容：

第一是按钮的自定义，第二是右键菜单的使用，不仅是按钮的右键菜单，其他一些控件的右键菜单也可以类似创建和使用。

关于右键菜单则是QMenu的一些使用方法有：

样式表的使用：

self.setStyleSheet("QMenu{background:purple;}"
 "QMenu{border:1px solid lightgray;}"
 "QMenu{border-color:green;}"
 "QMenu::item{padding:0px 40px 0px 20px;}"
 "QMenu::item{height:30px;}" 
 "QMenu::item{color:blue;}"
 "QMenu::item{background:white;}"
 "QMenu::item{margin:1px 0px 0px 0px;}"
 "QMenu::item:selected:enabled{background:lightgray;}"
 "QMenu::item:selected:enabled{color:white;}" 
 "QMenu::item:selected:!enabled{background:transparent;}"
 "QMenu::separator{height:50px;}"
 "QMenu::separator{width:1px;}"
 "QMenu::separator{background:white;}"
 "QMenu::separator{margin:1px 1px 1px 1px;}" 
 "QMenu#menu{background:white;}"
 "QMenu#menu{border:1px solid lightgray;}"
 "QMenu#menu::item{padding:0px 40px 0px 30px;}"
 "QMenu#menu::item{height:25px;}"
 "QMenu#menu::item:selected:enabled{background:lightgray;}"
 "QMenu#menu::item:selected:enabled{color:white;}"
 "QMenu#menu::item:selected:!enabled{background:transparent;}"
 "QMenu#menu::separator{height:1px;}"
 "QMenu#menu::separator{background:lightgray;}"
 "QMenu#menu::separator{margin:2px 0px 2px 0px;}"
 "QMenu#menu::indicator {padding:10px;}"
 )

右键菜单的创建和菜单的信号槽：

def createContextMenu(self): 
 ''''' 
 创建右键菜单 
 ''' 
 # 必须将ContextMenuPolicy设置为Qt.CustomContextMenu 
 # 否则无法使用customContextMenuRequested信号 
 self.setContextMenuPolicy(Qt.CustomContextMenu) 
 self.customContextMenuRequested.connect(self.showContextMenu) 
 # 创建QMenu 
 self.contextMenu = QMenu(self) 
 self.actionA = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作A') 
 self.actionB = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作B') 
 self.actionC = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作C') 
 #添加二级菜单
 self.second = self.contextMenu.addMenu(QIcon("images/0.png"),u"| 二级菜单") 
 self.actionD = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作A')
 self.actionE = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作B')
 self.actionF = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作C')
 # 将动作与处理函数相关联 
 # 这里为了简单，将所有action与同一个处理函数相关联， 
 # 当然也可以将他们分别与不同函数关联，实现不同的功能 
 self.actionA.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) 
 self.actionB.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) 
 self.actionC.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) 
 self.actionD.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) 
 self.actionE.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) 
 self.actionF.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) 

菜单的显示位置：

self.contextMenu.exec_(QCursor.pos()) #在鼠标位置显示

关于按钮的自定义，则包括了一些事件的重新定义和对按钮的ui界面的重新设计和绘制，就不一一列举了。 下面是一个demo包括了按钮的自定义，右键菜单的创建和使用，包括两个文件，图片可以随便找一个，不要过大或者过小就行：

mybutton.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
from PyQt4.QtCore import Qt, QRect
from PyQt4.QtGui import QPushButton, QPainter, QPainterPath, QPen, QColor, QPixmap, QIcon, QBrush, QCursor,QMenu
class MenuButton(QPushButton):
 def __init__(self,parent = None):
 super(MenuButton,self).__init__(parent)
 self.setStyleSheet("QMenu{background:purple;}"
 "QMenu{border:1px solid lightgray;}"
 "QMenu{border-color:green;}"
 "QMenu::item{padding:0px 40px 0px 20px;}"
 "QMenu::item{height:30px;}" 
 "QMenu::item{color:blue;}"
 "QMenu::item{background:white;}"
 "QMenu::item{margin:1px 0px 0px 0px;}"
 "QMenu::item:selected:enabled{background:lightgray;}"
 "QMenu::item:selected:enabled{color:white;}" 
 "QMenu::item:selected:!enabled{background:transparent;}"
 "QMenu::separator{height:50px;}"
 "QMenu::separator{width:1px;}"
 "QMenu::separator{background:white;}"
 "QMenu::separator{margin:1px 1px 1px 1px;}" 
 "QMenu#menu{background:white;}"
 "QMenu#menu{border:1px solid lightgray;}"
 "QMenu#menu::item{padding:0px 40px 0px 30px;}"
 "QMenu#menu::item{height:25px;}"
 "QMenu#menu::item:selected:enabled{background:lightgray;}"
 "QMenu#menu::item:selected:enabled{color:white;}"
 "QMenu#menu::item:selected:!enabled{background:transparent;}"
 "QMenu#menu::separator{height:1px;}"
 "QMenu#menu::separator{background:lightgray;}"
 "QMenu#menu::separator{margin:2px 0px 2px 0px;}"
 "QMenu#menu::indicator {padding:10px;}"
 )
 self.hovered = False
 self.pressed = False
 self.pressedIcon = QIcon()
 self.color = QColor(Qt.gray)
 self.opacity = 1.0
 self.count = 0
# self.setAutoFillBackground(True)
# self.setStyleSheet("#Check {background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);}");
 self.createContextMenu() 
 self.count = 0
 def createContextMenu(self): 
 ''''' 
 创建右键菜单 
 ''' 
 # 必须将ContextMenuPolicy设置为Qt.CustomContextMenu 
 # 否则无法使用customContextMenuRequested信号 
 self.setContextMenuPolicy(Qt.CustomContextMenu) 
 self.customContextMenuRequested.connect(self.showContextMenu) 
 # 创建QMenu 
 self.contextMenu = QMenu(self) 
 self.actionA = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作A') 
 self.actionB = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作B') 
 self.actionC = self.contextMenu.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作C') 
 #添加二级菜单
 self.second = self.contextMenu.addMenu(QIcon("images/0.png"),u"| 二级菜单") 
 self.actionD = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作A')
 self.actionE = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作B')
 self.actionF = self.second.addAction(QIcon("images/0.png"),u'| 动作C')
 # 将动作与处理函数相关联 
 # 这里为了简单，将所有action与同一个处理函数相关联， 
 # 当然也可以将他们分别与不同函数关联，实现不同的功能 
 self.actionA.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) 
 self.actionB.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) 
 self.actionC.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) 
 self.actionD.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) 
 self.actionE.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) 
 self.actionF.triggered.connect(self.actionHandler) 
 def showContextMenu(self, pos): 
 ''''' 
 右键点击时调用的函数 
 ''' 
 self.count+=1
 # 菜单显示前，将它移动到鼠标点击的位置 
 self.contextMenu.exec_(QCursor.pos()) #在鼠标位置显示
 #self.contextMenu.show() 
 print self.count
 def actionHandler(self): 
 ''''' 
 菜单中的具体action调用的函数 
 ''' 
 if self.count%3==1:
 self.setText(u"first")
 elif self.count%3==2:
 self.setText(u"second")
 elif self.count%3==0:
 self.setText(u"third")
 def setEnterCursorType(self, Type):
 self.cursorType = Type
 def setColor(self,color):
 self.color = color
 def setOpacitys(self,opacity):
 self.opacity = opacity
# self.setOpacity(0.5)
 def enterEvent(self,event):
 self.hovered = True
 self.repaint()
 QPushButton.enterEvent(self,event)
 def leaveEvent(self,event):
 self.hovered = False
 self.repaint()
 self.setCursor(QCursor(Qt.ArrowCursor)) 
 QPushButton.leaveEvent(self,event)
 def mousePressEvent(self, event):
 self.pressed = True
 self.repaint()
 QPushButton.mousePressEvent(self,event)
 def mouseReleaseEvent(self, event):
 self.pressed = False
 self.repaint()
 QPushButton.mouseReleaseEvent(self,event)
 def paintEvent(self,event):
 painter = QPainter(self)
 btnRect = self.geometry()
 iconRect = self.iconSize()
 color = QColor(Qt.black)
 if self.hovered:
 color = self.color
 if self.pressed:
 color = self.color.darker(120)
 painter.setPen(QPen(QColor(Qt.lightGray),2))
 outline = QPainterPath()
 outline.addRoundedRect(0, 0, btnRect.width(), btnRect.height(), 0, 0)
 painter.setOpacity(1)
 painter.drawPath(outline)
 painter.setBrush(QBrush(color)) 
 painter.setOpacity(self.opacity)
 painter_path = QPainterPath()
 painter_path.addRoundedRect(1, 1, btnRect.width() - 2, btnRect.height() - 2, 0, 0)
 if self.hovered:
 painter.setClipPath(painter_path)
 painter.drawRoundedRect(1, 1, btnRect.width() - 2, btnRect.height() - 2, 0, 0)
 painter.setOpacity(1) 
 iconPos,textPos = self.calIconTextPos(btnRect, iconRect)
 # 重画文本
 if not self.text().isNull():
 painter.setFont(self.font())
 painter.setPen(QPen(QColor(Qt.black),2))
 painter.drawText(textPos.x(), textPos.y(), textPos.width(), textPos.height(), Qt.AlignCenter, self.text())
 # 重画图标
 if not self.icon().isNull():
 painter.drawPixmap(iconPos, QPixmap(self.icon().pixmap(self.iconSize())))
 # 计算图标和文本大小位置
 def calIconTextPos(self,btnSize,iconSize):
 if self.text().isNull():
 iconWidth = iconSize.width()*3/5
 iconHeight = iconSize.height()*3/5
 else:
 iconWidth = iconSize.width()
 iconHeight = iconSize.height() - 50
 iconX = (btnSize.width()-iconWidth)/2
 iconY = (btnSize.height()-iconHeight)/2
 iconPos = QRect()
 iconPos.setX(iconX)
 iconPos.setY(iconY)
 iconPos.setWidth(iconWidth)
 iconPos.setHeight(iconHeight)
 textPos = QRect()
 if not self.text().isNull():
 textPos.setX(iconX)
 textPos.setY(btnSize.height()- 50)
 textPos.setWidth(iconWidth)
 textPos.setHeight(50)
 return (iconPos,textPos)
1
buttontest.py
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
from mybutton import MenuButton
import sys
from PyQt4.QtCore import QTextCodec, QSize, SIGNAL
from PyQt4.QtGui import QDialog, QIcon, QHBoxLayout, QApplication
QTextCodec.setCodecForTr(QTextCodec.codecForName("utf8"))
class TestDialog(QDialog):
 def __init__(self,parent=None):
 super(TestDialog,self).__init__(parent)
 self.setFixedSize(200,200)
 self.firMybutton = MenuButton()
 self.firMybutton.setFixedSize(QSize(100,100))
 self.firMybutton.setIcon(QIcon("windows.png"))
 self.firMybutton.setIconSize(QSize(100,100))
 #self.firMybutton.setText(self.tr("确萨"))
 self.connect(self.firMybutton, SIGNAL("clicked()"),self.cancel)
 myLayout = QHBoxLayout()
 myLayout.addWidget(self.firMybutton)
 self.setLayout(myLayout)
 def cancel(self):
 self.close()
app=QApplication(sys.argv)
dialog=TestDialog()
dialog.show()
app.exec_()

总结

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