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python通过robert、sobel、Laplace算子实现图像边缘提取详解

更新时间:2020-07-26 10:36:01 作者:startmvc
实现思路:  1,将传进来的图片矩阵用算子进行卷积求和(卷积和取绝对值)  2,用

实现思路:

  1,将传进来的图片矩阵用算子进行卷积求和(卷积和取绝对值)

  2,用新的矩阵(与原图一样大小)去接收每次的卷积和的值

  3,卷积图片所有的像素点后,把新的矩阵数据类型转化为uint8

注意:

  必须对求得的卷积和的值求绝对值;矩阵数据类型进行转化。

完整代码:


import cv2
import numpy as np
 
# robert 算子[[-1,-1],[1,1]]
def robert_suanzi(img):
 r, c = img.shape
 r_sunnzi = [[-1,-1],[1,1]]
 for x in range(r):
 for y in range(c):
 if (y + 2 <= c) and (x + 2 <= r):
 imgChild = img[x:x+2, y:y+2]
 list_robert = r_sunnzi*imgChild
 img[x, y] = abs(list_robert.sum()) # 求和加绝对值
 return img
 
# # sobel算子的实现
def sobel_suanzi(img):
 r, c = img.shape
 new_image = np.zeros((r, c))
 new_imageX = np.zeros(img.shape)
 new_imageY = np.zeros(img.shape)
 s_suanziX = np.array([[-1,0,1],[-2,0,2],[-1,0,1]]) # X方向
 s_suanziY = np.array([[-1,-2,-1],[0,0,0],[1,2,1]]) 
 for i in range(r-2):
 for j in range(c-2):
 new_imageX[i+1, j+1] = abs(np.sum(img[i:i+3, j:j+3] * s_suanziX))
 new_imageY[i+1, j+1] = abs(np.sum(img[i:i+3, j:j+3] * s_suanziY))
 new_image[i+1, j+1] = (new_imageX[i+1, j+1]*new_imageX[i+1,j+1] + new_imageY[i+1, j+1]*new_imageY[i+1,j+1])**0.5
 # return np.uint8(new_imageX)
 # return np.uint8(new_imageY)
 return np.uint8(new_image) # 无方向算子处理的图像
 
# Laplace算子
# 常用的Laplace算子模板 [[0,1,0],[1,-4,1],[0,1,0]] [[1,1,1],[1,-8,1],[1,1,1]]
def Laplace_suanzi(img):
 r, c = img.shape
 new_image = np.zeros((r, c))
 L_sunnzi = np.array([[0,-1,0],[-1,4,-1],[0,-1,0]]) 
 # L_sunnzi = np.array([[1,1,1],[1,-8,1],[1,1,1]]) 
 for i in range(r-2):
 for j in range(c-2):
 new_image[i+1, j+1] = abs(np.sum(img[i:i+3, j:j+3] * L_sunnzi))
 return np.uint8(new_image)
 
 
img = cv2.imread('1.jpg', cv2.IMREAD_GRAYSCALE)
cv2.imshow('image', img)
 
# # robers算子
out_robert = robert_suanzi(img)
cv2.imshow('out_robert_image', out_robert)
 
# sobel 算子
out_sobel = sobel_suanzi(img)
cv2.imshow('out_sobel_image', out_sobel)
 
# Laplace算子
out_laplace = Laplace_suanzi(img)
cv2.imshow('out_laplace_image', out_laplace)
 
cv2.waitKey(0)
cv2.destroyAllWindows()

结果:

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python robert sobel laplace 算子 图像边缘提取