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原生js实现可兼容PC和移动端的拖动滑块功能详解【测试可用】

更新时间:2020-09-08 01:18:01 作者:startmvc
本文实例讲述了原生js实现可兼容PC和移动端的拖动滑块功能。分享给大家供大家参考,具

本文实例讲述了原生js实现可兼容PC和移动端的拖动滑块功能。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:

废话少说:

在PC端可以用mousedown来触发一个滑块滑动的效果,但在手机上,貌似无法识别这个事件,但手机上有touchstart事件,可以通过一系列“touch”事件来替代PC端的“mouse”事件。

移动端触屏滑动的效果其实就是图片轮播,在PC的页面上很好实现,绑定click和mouseover等事件来完成。但是在移动设备上,要实现这种轮播的效果,就需要用到核心的touch事件。处理touch事件能跟踪到屏幕滑动的每根手指。

以下是四种touch事件

  • touchstart:     //手指放到屏幕上时触发
  • touchmove:      //手指在屏幕上滑动式触发
  • touchend:    //手指离开屏幕时触发
  • touchcancel:     //系统取消touch事件的时候触发,这个好像比较少用

每个触摸事件被触发后,会生成一个event对象,event对象里额外包括以下三个触摸列表

  • touches:     //当前屏幕上所有手指的列表
  • targetTouches:      //当前dom元素上手指的列表,尽量使用这个代替touches
  • changedTouches:     //涉及当前事件的手指的列表,尽量使用这个代替touches

这些列表里的每次触摸由touch对象组成,touch对象里包含着触摸信息,主要属性如下:

  • clientX / clientY:      //触摸点相对浏览器窗口的位置
  • pageX / pageY:       //触摸点相对于页面的位置
  • screenX  /  screenY:    //触摸点相对于屏幕的位置
  • identifier:        //touch对象的ID
  • target:       //当前的DOM元素

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-cn">
 <head>
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,minimum-scale=1,maximum-scale=1,user-scalable=no" />
 <title>鼠标拖动小方块</title>
 <style type="text/css">
 .lineDiv {
 position: relative;
 height: 5px;
 background: red;
 width: 300px;
 margin: 50px auto;
 }
 .lineDiv .minDiv {
 position: absolute;
 top: -5px;
 left: 0;
 width: 15px;
 height: 15px;
 background: green;
 cursor: pointer
 }
 .lineDiv .minDiv .vals {
 position: absolute;
 font-size: 20px;
 top: -45px;
 left: -10px;
 width: 35px;
 height: 35px;
 line-height: 35px;
 text-align: center;
 background: blue;
 }
 .lineDiv .minDiv .vals:after {
 content: "";
 width: 0px;
 height: 0px;
 border-top: 6px solid blue;
 border-left: 6px solid transparent;
 border-right: 6px solid transparent;
 border-bottom: 6px solid transparent;
 display: block;
 margin-left: 11px;
 }
 </style>
 </head>
 <body>
 <center>
 <h3>用鼠标拖动小方块<span id="msg">0</span>%</h3>
 </center>
 <div id="lineDiv" class="lineDiv">
 <div id="minDiv" class="minDiv">
 <div id="vals" class="vals">0</div>
 </div>
 </div>
 <script>
 window.onload = function() {
 var lineDiv = document.getElementById('lineDiv'); //长线条
 var minDiv = document.getElementById('minDiv'); //小方块
 var msg = document.getElementById("msg");
 var vals = document.getElementById("vals");
 var ifBool = false; //判断鼠标是否按下
 //鼠标按下方块
 minDiv.addEventListener("touchstart", function(e) {
 e.stopPropagation();
 ifBool = true;
 console.log("鼠标按下")
 });
 //拖动
 window.addEventListener("touchmove", function(e) {
 console.log("鼠标拖动")
 if(ifBool) {
 var x = e.touches[0].pageX || e.touches[0].clientX; //鼠标横坐标var x
 var lineDiv_left = getPosition(lineDiv).left; //长线条的横坐标
 var minDiv_left = x - lineDiv_left; //小方块相对于父元素(长线条)的left值
 if(minDiv_left >= lineDiv.offsetWidth - 15) {
 minDiv_left = lineDiv.offsetWidth - 15;
 }
 if(minDiv_left < 0) {
 minDiv_left = 0;
 }
 //设置拖动后小方块的left值
 minDiv.style.left = minDiv_left + "px";
 msg.innerText = parseInt((minDiv_left / (lineDiv.offsetWidth - 15)) * 100);
 vals.innerText = parseInt((minDiv_left / (lineDiv.offsetWidth - 15)) * 100);
 }
 });
 //鼠标松开
 window.addEventListener("touchend", function(e) {
 console.log("鼠标弹起")
 ifBool = false;
 });
 //获取元素的绝对位置
 function getPosition(node) {
 var left = node.offsetLeft; //获取元素相对于其父元素的left值var left
 var top = node.offsetTop;
 current = node.offsetParent; // 取得元素的offsetParent
 // 一直循环直到根元素
 while(current != null) {
 left += current.offsetLeft;
 top += current.offsetTop;
 current = current.offsetParent;
 }
 return {
 "left": left,
 "top": top
 };
 }
 }
 </script>
 </body>
</html>

兼容PC端和移动端:


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-cn">
 <head>
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,minimum-scale=1,maximum-scale=1,user-scalable=no" />
 <title>鼠标拖动小方块</title>
 <style type="text/css">
 .lineDiv {
 position: relative;
 height: 5px;
 background: red;
 width: 300px;
 margin: 50px auto;
 }
 .lineDiv .minDiv {
 position: absolute;
 top: -5px;
 left: 0;
 width: 15px;
 height: 15px;
 background: green;
 cursor: pointer
 }
 .lineDiv .minDiv .vals {
 position: absolute;
 font-size: 20px;
 top: -45px;
 left: -10px;
 width: 35px;
 height: 35px;
 line-height: 35px;
 text-align: center;
 background: blue;
 }
 .lineDiv .minDiv .vals:after {
 content: "";
 width: 0px;
 height: 0px;
 border-top: 6px solid blue;
 border-left: 6px solid transparent;
 border-right: 6px solid transparent;
 border-bottom: 6px solid transparent;
 display: block;
 margin-left: 11px;
 }
 </style>
 </head>
 <body>
 <center>
 <h3>用鼠标拖动小方块<span id="msg">0</span>%</h3>
 </center>
 <div id="lineDiv" class="lineDiv">
 <div id="minDiv" class="minDiv">
 <div id="vals" class="vals">0</div>
 </div>
 </div>
 <script>
 window.onload = function() {
 var lineDiv = document.getElementById('lineDiv'); //长线条
 var minDiv = document.getElementById('minDiv'); //小方块
 var msg = document.getElementById("msg");
 var vals = document.getElementById("vals");
 var ifBool = false; //判断鼠标是否按下
 //事件
 var start = function(e) {
 e.stopPropagation();
 ifBool = true;
 console.log("鼠标按下")
 }
 var move = function(e) {
 console.log("鼠标拖动")
 if(ifBool) {
 if(!e.touches) { //兼容移动端
 var x = e.clientX;
 } else { //兼容PC端
 var x = e.touches[0].pageX;
 }
 //var x = e.touches[0].pageX || e.clientX; //鼠标横坐标var x
 var lineDiv_left = getPosition(lineDiv).left; //长线条的横坐标
 var minDiv_left = x - lineDiv_left; //小方块相对于父元素(长线条)的left值
 if(minDiv_left >= lineDiv.offsetWidth - 15) {
 minDiv_left = lineDiv.offsetWidth - 15;
 }
 if(minDiv_left < 0) {
 minDiv_left = 0;
 }
 //设置拖动后小方块的left值
 minDiv.style.left = minDiv_left + "px";
 msg.innerText = parseInt((minDiv_left / (lineDiv.offsetWidth - 15)) * 100);
 vals.innerText = parseInt((minDiv_left / (lineDiv.offsetWidth - 15)) * 100);
 }
 }
 var end = function(e) {
 console.log("鼠标弹起")
 ifBool = false;
 }
 //鼠标按下方块
 minDiv.addEventListener("touchstart", start);
 minDiv.addEventListener("mousedown", start);
 //拖动
 window.addEventListener("touchmove", move);
 window.addEventListener("mousemove", move);
 //鼠标松开
 window.addEventListener("touchend", end);
 window.addEventListener("mouseup", end);
 //获取元素的绝对位置
 function getPosition(node) {
 var left = node.offsetLeft; //获取元素相对于其父元素的left值var left
 var top = node.offsetTop;
 current = node.offsetParent; // 取得元素的offsetParent
 // 一直循环直到根元素
 
 while(current != null) {
 left += current.offsetLeft;
 top += current.offsetTop;
 current = current.offsetParent;
 }
 return {
 "left": left,
 "top": top
 };
 }
 }
 </script>
 </body>
</html>

感兴趣的朋友可以使用在线HTML/CSS/JavaScript代码运行工具:http://tools.jb51.net/code/HtmlJsRun测试上述代码运行效果。

原生js 兼容 PC 移动端 拖动滑块