.tkintertkinter是Python下面向tk的图形界面接口库，可以方便地进行图形界面设计和交互操作编
.tkinter
tkinter是Python下面向tk的图形界面接口库，可以方便地进行图形界面设计和交互操作编程。tkinter的优点是简单易用、与Python的结合度好。tkinter在Python 3.x下默认集成，不需要额外的安装操作；不足之处为缺少合适的可视化界面设计工具，需要通过代码来完成窗口设计和元素布局。
Python tkinter实现图片标注代码，代码如下所述：
#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import os
import sys
if sys.version_info < (3, 0):
import Tkinter as tk # 导入 Tkinter 库
from tkFileDialog import askopenfilename, asksaveasfilename
else :
import tkinter as tk # 导入 Tkinter 库
from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename, asksaveasfilename
from PIL import Image, ImageTk, ImageDraw
from time import sleep
import numpy as np
import cv2 as cv
DEF_WIDTH = 1080
DEF_HEIGHT = 720
IMAGE_HEIGHT = 720
FRAME_LEFT_WIDTH = 360
# 太小的选定区域我们需要丢弃，防止误操作
MINI_RECT_AREA = 20
class RawImageEditor:
def __init__(self, win, img, rects):
#变量X和Y用来记录鼠标左键按下的位置
self.X = tk.IntVar(value=0)
self.Y = tk.IntVar(value=0)
self.sel = False
self.lastDraw = None
self.lastDraws = []
self.imageScale = 1.0
self.dispWidth = DEF_WIDTH # 图片显示区域的最大高度，宽度
self.dispHeight = DEF_HEIGHT
self.rawImage = img
self.calcImageScale(self.rawImage)
self.dispWidth = int(self.imageScale * self.rawImage.width)
self.dispHeight = int(self.imageScale * self.rawImage.height)
# 图片缩放
self.dispImage = self.rawImage.resize((self.dispWidth, self.dispHeight))
# 选择区域
self.selPositions = []
for r in rects :
self.selPositions.append((r[0] * self.imageScale, r[1] * self.imageScale, r[2] * self.imageScale, r[3] * self.imageScale))
#创建顶级组件容器
self.top = tk.Toplevel(win, width=self.dispWidth, height=self.dispHeight)
#不显示最大化、最小化按钮
self.top.overrideredirect(True)
# Make topLevelWindow remain on top until destroyed, or attribute changes.
self.top.attributes('-topmost', 'true')
self.canvas = tk.Canvas(self.top, bg='white', width=self.dispWidth, height=self.dispHeight)
self.tkImage = ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.dispImage)
self.canvas.create_image(self.dispWidth//2, self.dispHeight//2, image=self.tkImage)
for r in self.selPositions :
draw = self.canvas.create_rectangle(r[0], r[1], r[2], r[3], outline='green')
self.lastDraws.append(draw)
#鼠标左键按下的位置
def onLeftButtonDown(event):
self.X.set(event.x)
self.Y.set(event.y)
#开始截图
self.sel = True
#重新绘制已经选择的区域
for draw in self.lastDraws :
self.canvas.delete(draw)
self.lastDraws = []
for r in self.selPositions :
draw = self.canvas.create_rectangle(r[0], r[1], r[2], r[3], outline='green')
self.lastDraws.append(draw)
self.canvas.bind('<Button-1>', onLeftButtonDown)
#鼠标左键移动，显示选取的区域
def onLeftButtonMove(event):
if not self.sel:
return
try:
#删除刚画完的图形，要不然鼠标移动的时候是黑乎乎的一片矩形
self.canvas.delete(self.lastDraw)
except Exception as e:
pass
self.lastDraw = self.canvas.create_rectangle(self.X.get(), self.Y.get(), event.x, event.y, outline='green')
self.canvas.bind('<B1-Motion>', onLeftButtonMove)
#获取鼠标左键抬起的位置，保存区域截图
def onLeftButtonUp(event):
self.sel = False
sleep(0.1)
#考虑鼠标左键从右下方按下而从左上方抬起的截图
left, right = sorted([self.X.get(), event.x])
top, bottom = sorted([self.Y.get(), event.y])
if (right - left) * (bottom - top) > MINI_RECT_AREA :
self.selPositions.append((left,top,right,bottom))
#self.top.destroy()
#鼠标右键按下
def onRightButtonDown(event):
self.sel = False
self.top.destroy()
self.canvas.bind('<Button-2>', onRightButtonDown)
self.canvas.bind('<ButtonRelease-1>', onLeftButtonUp)
self.canvas.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=tk.YES)
def calcImageScale(self, image) :
w = image.width
h = image.height
self.imageScale = 1.0
# 计算最小的缩放比例，保证原始宽高比
if w > self.dispWidth and h > self.dispHeight :
ws = self.dispWidth * 1.0 / w
hs = self.dispHeight * 1.0 / h
if ws < hs :
self.imageScale = ws
else :
self.imageScale = hs
elif w > self.dispWidth and h < self.dispHeight :
self.imageScale = self.dispWidth * 1.0 / w
elif w < self.dispWidth and h > self.dispHeight :
self.imageScale = self.dispHeight * 1.0 / h
def waitForWindow(self, win) :
win.wait_window(self.top)
def selectedPositions(self) :
# 转换为原始像素位置
realPos = []
for r in self.selPositions :
realPos.append((r[0] / self.imageScale, r[1] / self.imageScale, r[2] / self.imageScale, r[3] / self.imageScale))
return realPos
class MainWin(tk.Tk):
def __init__(self):
if sys.version_info >= (3, 0):
super().__init__()
else :
tk.Tk.__init__(self)
self.title('图像处理工具')
self.geometry('{}x{}'.format(DEF_WIDTH, DEF_HEIGHT))
self.rawImagePath = ''
self.rawImage = None # self.rawImage 原始图像，未经过缩放处理
self.transRawImage = None # self.transRawImage 经过转换处理之后的原始图像，没有经过缩放处理
self.dispImage = None # self.dispImage 显示图像，可能经过缩放处理
self.imageScale = 1.0 # 图片缩放比例，根据缩放比例进行显示的时候的缩放处理，后期选择区域的时候，需要进行缩放还原
self.leftFrameWidth = FRAME_LEFT_WIDTH
self.frameDispHeight = DEF_HEIGHT # 整个窗口的高度
self.labelTextHeight = 20 # 文本标签的高度
self.btnHeight = 40 # 按钮的高度
self.imageDispWidth = IMAGE_HEIGHT # 图片显示区域的最大高度，宽度
self.imageDispHeight = self.frameDispHeight / 2 - self.labelTextHeight * 2
# 选择区域
self.liRect = []
self.rawImageEditor = None
self.setupUI()
def scaleDisplayImage(self, image) :
w = image.width
h = image.height
self.imageScale = 1.0
# 计算最小的缩放比例，保证原始宽高比
if w > self.imageDispWidth and h > self.imageDispHeight :
ws = self.imageDispWidth * 1.0 / w
hs = self.imageDispHeight * 1.0 / h
if ws < hs :
self.imageScale = ws
else :
self.imageScale = hs
elif w > self.imageDispWidth and h < self.imageDispHeight :
self.imageScale = self.imageDispWidth * 1.0 / w
elif w < self.imageDispWidth and h > self.imageDispHeight :
self.imageScale = self.imageDispHeight * 1.0 / h
# 图片缩放
return image.resize((int(self.imageScale * w), int(self.imageScale * h)))
# 打开图片时使用，传值（图）给展示函数
def openAndDisplayImage(self):
self.rawImagePath = self.selectImageFile()
if '' != self.rawImagePath :
self.rawImage = Image.open(self.rawImagePath)
self.rawImage = self.rawImage.convert('RGBA')
self.drawRawImageDisp()
def drawListBox(self):
self.l_box.delete(0,tk.END)
for item in self.liRect:
r = '{},{},{},{}'.format(round(item[0],1), round(item[1],1), round(item[2],1), round(item[3],1))
self.l_box.insert(0, r)
def drawRawImageDisp(self, selItems=[]):
self.dispImage = self.scaleDisplayImage(self.rawImage)
self.dispImage = self.dispImage.convert('RGB')
draw = ImageDraw.Draw(self.dispImage)
for i in range(len(self.liRect)) :
r = self.liRect[i]
if i in selItems :
draw.rectangle((r[0] * self.imageScale, r[1] * self.imageScale, r[2] * self.imageScale, r[3] * self.imageScale), outline = "red")
else :
draw.rectangle((r[0] * self.imageScale, r[1] * self.imageScale, r[2] * self.imageScale, r[3] * self.imageScale), outline = "green")
img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.dispImage)
self.image_l_raw.config(image=img)
self.image_l_raw.image = img
def deleteSelectedItemFromListBox(self):
#print(self.l_box.get(self.l_box.curselection()))
idx = self.l_box.curselection()
if len(idx) > 0 :
kp = []
for v in range(len(self.liRect)) :
if v not in idx :
kp.append(self.liRect[v])
self.liRect = kp
self.drawListBox()
self.drawRawImageDisp()
# 打开图片时使用，获得地址
def selectImageFile(self):
path = tk.StringVar()
file_entry = tk.Entry(self, state='readonly', text=path)
path_ = askopenfilename()
path.set(path_)
return file_entry.get()
def rawImageLabelClicked(self, event):
if None != self.rawImage :
if None == self.rawImageEditor :
self.rawImageEditor = RawImageEditor(self, self.rawImage, self.liRect)
self.rawImageEditor.waitForWindow(self.image_l_raw)
self.liRect = self.rawImageEditor.selectedPositions()
self.rawImageEditor = None
self.drawListBox()
self.drawRawImageDisp()
def onRectListboxSelect(self, event):
idx = self.l_box.curselection()
if len(idx) > 0 :
self.drawRawImageDisp(idx)
def drawTransImageDisp(self):
transImage = self.scaleDisplayImage(self.transRawImage)
transImage = transImage.convert('L')
img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(transImage)
self.image_l_trans.config(image=img)
self.image_l_trans.image = img
def doTransRawImage(self):
self.transRawImage = Image.new('L', (self.rawImage.width, self.rawImage.height))
for r in self.liRect :
im = self.rawImage.crop(r)
cv_im = cv.cvtColor(np.asarray(im), cv.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
hsv = cv.cvtColor(cv_im, cv.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
_, _, v = cv.split(hsv)
avg = np.average(v.flatten())
pixels = im.load()
for j in range(im.height) :
for i in range(im.width) :
hv = v[j,i]
if hv < avg * 1.2:
#im.putpixel((i, j), 0) # slow
pixels[i, j] = 0
'''else :
im.putpixel((i, j), (255, 255, 255, 255))'''
self.transRawImage.paste(im, (int(r[0]),int(r[1])), mask = None)
self.drawTransImageDisp()
def onTransRawImageBtnClicked(self):
if None != self.rawImage :
self.doTransRawImage()
def onSaveTransRawImageBtnClicked(self):
if None != self.transRawImage :
ext = os.path.splitext(self.rawImagePath)[-1]
(path,name) = os.path.split(self.rawImagePath)
filename = asksaveasfilename(title = '保存图片', initialfile = name, filetypes = (("jpeg files","*{}".format(ext)), ("all files","*.*")))
if '' != filename :
self.transRawImage.save(filename)
def setupUI(self):
# 左边菜单栏
left_f = tk.Frame(self, height=self.frameDispHeight, width=self.leftFrameWidth)
left_f.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
# 各种功能按钮名称及位置
btnOpen = tk.Button(left_f, text='打开图像', command=self.openAndDisplayImage)
btnOpen.place(y=25, x=30, width=300, height=self.btnHeight)
btnTrans = tk.Button(left_f, text='处理图像', command=self.onTransRawImageBtnClicked)
btnTrans.place(y=85, x=30, width=300, height=self.btnHeight)
l_selRect = tk.Label(left_f, text = '鼠标选定区域')
l_selRect.place(x=0, y=165, width=self.leftFrameWidth, height=self.labelTextHeight)
'''列表'''
self.l_box = tk.Listbox(left_f) # 创建两个列表组件
self.l_box.place(x=0, y=165+self.labelTextHeight, width=self.leftFrameWidth, height=270)
self.l_box.bind('<<ListboxSelect>>', self.onRectListboxSelect)
self.drawListBox()
# 删除选定项
btnDel = tk.Button(left_f, text='删除选定项', command=self.deleteSelectedItemFromListBox)
btnDel.place(y=460, x=30, width=300, height=self.btnHeight)
btnSave = tk.Button(left_f, text='保存结果', command=self.onSaveTransRawImageBtnClicked)
btnSave.place(y=550, x=30, width=300, height=self.btnHeight)
# 右侧图像显示栏
right_f = tk.Frame(self, height=self.frameDispHeight, width=self.imageDispWidth)
right_f.pack(side=tk.RIGHT)
l_rawT = tk.Label(right_f, text = '原始图片')
l_rawT.place(x=0, y=0, width=self.imageDispWidth, height=self.labelTextHeight)
self.image_l_raw = tk.Label(right_f, relief='ridge')
self.image_l_raw.place(x=0, y=self.labelTextHeight, width=self.imageDispWidth, height=self.imageDispHeight)
self.image_l_raw.bind("<Button-1>",self.rawImageLabelClicked)
l_transT = tk.Label(right_f, text = '处理后图片')
l_transT.place(x=0, y=self.labelTextHeight + self.imageDispHeight, width=self.imageDispWidth, height=self.labelTextHeight)
self.image_l_trans = tk.Label(right_f, relief='ridge')
self.image_l_trans.place(x=0, y=self.labelTextHeight + self.imageDispHeight + self.labelTextHeight, width=self.imageDispWidth, height=self.imageDispHeight)
if __name__ == '__main__' :
win = MainWin()
# 进入消息循环
win.mainloop()总结
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的Python tkinter实现图片标注功能，希望对大家有所帮助，如果大家有任何疑问欢迎给我留言，小编会及时回复大家的！
Python tkinter标注 Python tkinter