php教程

超轻量级php框架startmvc

php微信开发之自定义菜单完整流程

更新时间:2020-03-12 03:01:51 作者:startmvc
一、自定义菜单概述自定义菜单能够帮助公众号丰富界面,让用户更好更快地理解公众号的

一、自定义菜单概述

自定义菜单能够帮助公众号丰富界面,让用户更好更快地理解公众号的功能。开启自定义菜单后,公众号界面如图所示:

二、申请自定义菜单

个人订阅号使用微博认证、企业订阅号通过微信认证;可以申请到自定义菜单资格

服务号默认有菜单权限。

三、获得AppId 和AppSecert

AppId和AppSecret在开发者中心-开发者ID中,可以找到。

四、获得Access Token

用appid和appsecert获得access token,接口为

https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bi ... mp;secret=APPSECRET

程序实现如下


$appid = ""; 
$appsecret = ""; 
$url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=$appid&secret=$appsecret"; 
$ch = curl_init(); 
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url); 
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE); 
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE); 
curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); 
$output = curl_exec($ch); 
curl_close($ch); 
$jsoninfo = json_decode($output, true); 
$access_token = $jsoninfo["access_token"]; 

你也可以直接在浏览器地址栏中,拼接出地址,执行后,获得如下数据

{"access_token":"N2L7KXa084WvelONYjkJ_traBMCCvy_UKmpUUzlrQ0EA2yNp3Iz6eSUrRG0bhaR_viswd50vDuPkY5nG43d1gbm-olT2KRMxOsVE08RfeD9lvK9lMguNG9kpIkKGZEjIf8Jv2m9fFhf8bnNa-yQH3g",  

"expires_in":7200} 

参数说明如下

其中的 N2L7KXa084WvelONYjkJ_traBMCCvy_UKmpUUzlrQ0EA2yNp3Iz6eSUrRG0bhaR_viswd50vDuPkY5nG43d1gbm-olT2KRMxOsVE08RfeD9lvK9lMguNG9kpIkKGZEjIf8Jv2m9fFhf8bnNa-yQH3g 就是access token。

或者使用官方的接口调试工具,地址为: https://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/apiinfo?t=index&type=%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E8%8F%9C%E5%8D%95&form=%E8%87%AA%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%89%E8%8F%9C%E5%8D%95%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%20/menu/create

使用网页调试工具调试自定义菜单接口

点击检查问题得,得到

这样也获得了access token

五、组织菜单内容

目前自定义菜单最多包括3个一级菜单,每个一级菜单最多包含5个二级菜单。一级菜单最多4个汉字,二级菜单最多7个汉字,多出来的部分将会以“...”代 替。请注意,创建自定义菜单后,由于微信客户端缓存,需要24小时微信客户端才会展现出来。建议测试时可以尝试取消关注公众账号后再次关注,则可以看到创 建后的效果。

目前自定义菜单接口可实现两种类型按钮,如下:

click: 用户点击click类型按钮后,微信服务器会通过消息接口推送消息类型为event        的结构给开发者(参考消息接口指南),并且带上按钮中开发者填写的key值,开发者可以通过自定义的key值与用户进行交互; view: 用户点击view类型按钮后,微信客户端将会打开开发者在按钮中填写的url值        (即网页链接),达到打开网页的目的,建议与网页授权获取用户基本信息接口结合,获得用户的登入个人信息。

接口调用请求说明

http请求方式:POST(请使用https协议) https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bi ... _token=ACCESS_TOKEN

请求示例


{ 
 "button":[ 
 { 
 "type":"click", 
 "name":"今日歌曲", 
 "key":"V1001_TODAY_MUSIC" 
 }, 
 { 
 "type":"click", 
 "name":"歌手简介", 
 "key":"V1001_TODAY_SINGER" 
 }, 
 { 
 "name":"菜单", 
 "sub_button":[ 
 { 
 "type":"view", 
 "name":"搜索", 
 "url":"http://www.soso.com/" 
 }, 
 { 
 "type":"view", 
 "name":"视频", 
 "url":"http://v.qq.com/" 
 }, 
 { 
 "type":"click", 
 "name":"赞一下我们", 
 "key":"V1001_GOOD" 
 }] 
 }] 
} 

参数说明

返回结果

正确时的返回JSON数据包如下:

{"errcode":0,"errmsg":"ok"}

错误时的返回JSON数据包如下(示例为无效菜单名长度):

{"errcode":40018,"errmsg":"invalid button name size"}

六、提交菜单内容给服务器

菜单的JSON结构为


{"button": [{"name":"天气预报","sub_button":[{"type":"click","name":"北京天气","key":"天气北 京"}, 
{"type":"click","name":"上海天气","key":"天气上海"}, 
{"type":"click","name":" 广州天气","key":"天气广州"},{"type":"click","name":"深圳天气","key":"天气深圳"}, 
{"type":"view","name":"本地天气","url":"http://m.hao123.com/a/tianqi"}]}, 
{"name":"方倍工作室","sub_button":[{"type":"click","name":"公司简 介","key":"company"}, 
{"type":"click","name":"趣味游戏","key":"游戏"}, {"type":"click","name":"讲个笑话","key":"笑话"}]}]} 

将以下代码保存为menu.php,并且在浏览器中运行该文件(比如 http://127.0.0.1/menu.php),将直接向微信服务器提交菜单


php 
 
$access_token = ""; 
 
$jsonmenu = '{ 
 "button":[ 
 { 
 "name":"天气预报", 
 "sub_button":[ 
 { 
 "type":"click", 
 "name":"北京天气", 
 "key":"天气北京" 
 }, 
 { 
 "type":"click", 
 "name":"上海天气", 
 "key":"天气上海" 
 }, 
 { 
 "type":"click", 
 "name":"广州天气", 
 "key":"天气广州" 
 }, 
 { 
 "type":"click", 
 "name":"深圳天气", 
 "key":"天气深圳" 
 }, 
 { 
 "type":"view", 
 "name":"本地天气", 
 "url":"http://m.hao123.com/a/tianqi" 
 }] 
 
 
 }, 
 { 
 "name":"瑞雪", 
 "sub_button":[ 
 { 
 "type":"click", 
 "name":"公司简介", 
 "key":"company" 
 }, 
 { 
 "type":"click", 
 "name":"趣味游戏", 
 "key":"游戏" 
 }, 
 { 
 "type":"click", 
 "name":"讲个笑话", 
 "key":"笑话" 
 }] 
 
 
 }] 
}'; 
 
 
$url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token=".$access_token; 
$result = https_request($url, $jsonmenu); 
var_dump($result); 
 
function https_request($url,$data = null){ 
 $curl = curl_init(); 
 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $url); 
 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYPEER, FALSE); 
 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_SSL_VERIFYHOST, FALSE); 
 if (!empty($data)){ 
 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1); 
 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data); 
 } 
 curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1); 
 $output = curl_exec($curl); 
 curl_close($curl); 
 return $output; 
}
?>

或者使用官方的调试接口 使用网页调试工具调试该接口

提交成功后,重新关注后即可看到菜单。菜单效果类似如下:

七、响应菜单点击事件

在消息接口中处理event事件,其中的click代表菜单点击,通过响应菜单结构中的key值回应消息,view事件无须响应,将直接跳转过去


define("TOKEN", "weixin"); 
 
$wechatObj = new wechatCallbackapiTest(); 
if (!isset($_GET['echostr'])) { 
 $wechatObj->responseMsg(); 
}else{ 
 $wechatObj->valid(); 
} 
 
class wechatCallbackapiTest 
{ 
 public function valid() 
 { 
 $echoStr = $_GET["echostr"]; 
 if($this->checkSignature()){ 
 echo $echoStr; 
 exit; 
 } 
 } 
 
 private function checkSignature() 
 { 
 $signature = $_GET["signature"]; 
 $timestamp = $_GET["timestamp"]; 
 $nonce = $_GET["nonce"]; 
 
 $token = TOKEN; 
 $tmpArr = array($token, $timestamp, $nonce); 
 sort($tmpArr); 
 $tmpStr = implode( $tmpArr ); 
 $tmpStr = sha1( $tmpStr ); 
 
 if( $tmpStr == $signature ){ 
 return true; 
 }else{ 
 return false; 
 } 
 } 
 
 public function responseMsg() 
 { 
 $postStr = $GLOBALS["HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA"]; 
 if (!empty($postStr)){ 
 $postObj = simplexml_load_string($postStr, 'SimpleXMLElement', LIBXML_NOCDATA); 
 $RX_TYPE = trim($postObj->MsgType); 
 
 switch ($RX_TYPE) 
 { 
 case "text": 
 $resultStr = $this->receiveText($postObj); 
 break; 
 case "event": 
 $resultStr = $this->receiveEvent($postObj); 
 break; 
 default: 
 $resultStr = ""; 
 break; 
 } 
 echo $resultStr; 
 }else { 
 echo ""; 
 exit; 
 } 
 } 
 
 private function receiveText($object) 
 { 
 $funcFlag = 0; 
 $contentStr = "你发送的内容为:".$object->Content; 
 $resultStr = $this->transmitText($object, $contentStr, $funcFlag); 
 return $resultStr; 
 } 
 
 private function receiveEvent($object) 
 { 
 $contentStr = ""; 
 switch ($object->Event) 
 { 
 case "subscribe": 
 $contentStr = "欢迎洋洋博客"; 
 case "unsubscribe": 
 break; 
 case "CLICK": 
 switch ($object->EventKey) 
 { 
 case "company": 
 $contentStr[] = array("Title" =>"公司简介", 
 "Description" =>"洋洋的博客", 
 "PicUrl" =>"http://discuz.comli.com/weixin/weather/icon/cartoon.jpg", 
 "Url" =>"weixin://addfriend/pondbaystudio"); 
 break; 
 default: 
 $contentStr[] = array("Title" =>"默认菜单回复", 
 "Description" =>"您正在使用的是<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">洋洋的博客</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">", </span> 
 "PicUrl" =>"http://discuz.comli.com/weixin/weather/icon/cartoon.jpg", 
 "Url" =>"weixin://addfriend/pondbaystudio"); 
 break; 
 } 
 break; 
 default: 
 break; 
 
 } 
 if (is_array($contentStr)){ 
 $resultStr = $this->transmitNews($object, $contentStr); 
 }else{ 
 $resultStr = $this->transmitText($object, $contentStr); 
 } 
 return $resultStr; 
 } 
 
 private function transmitText($object, $content, $funcFlag = 0) 
 { 
 $textTpl = "<xml> 
<ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName> 
<FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName> 
<CreateTime>%s</CreateTime> 
<MsgType><![CDATA[text]]></MsgType> 
<Content><![CDATA[%s]]></Content> 
<FuncFlag>%d</FuncFlag> 
</xml>"; 
 $resultStr = sprintf($textTpl, $object->FromUserName, $object->ToUserName, time(), $content, $funcFlag); 
 return $resultStr; 
 } 
 
 private function transmitNews($object, $arr_item, $funcFlag = 0) 
 { 
 //首条标题28字,其他标题39字 
 if(!is_array($arr_item)) 
 return; 
 
 $itemTpl = " <item> 
 <Title><![CDATA[%s]]></Title> 
 <Description><![CDATA[%s]]></Description> 
 <PicUrl><![CDATA[%s]]></PicUrl> 
 <Url><![CDATA[%s]]></Url> 
 </item> 
"; 
 $item_str = ""; 
 foreach ($arr_item as $item) 
 $item_str .= sprintf($itemTpl, $item['Title'], $item['Description'], $item['PicUrl'], $item['Url']); 
 
 $newsTpl = "<xml> 
<ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName> 
<FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName> 
<CreateTime>%s</CreateTime> 
<MsgType><![CDATA[news]]></MsgType> 
<Content><![CDATA[]]></Content> 
<ArticleCount>%s</ArticleCount> 
<Articles> 
$item_str</Articles> 
<FuncFlag>%s</FuncFlag> 
</xml>"; 
 
 $resultStr = sprintf($newsTpl, $object->FromUserName, $object->ToUserName, time(), count($arr_item), $funcFlag); 
 return $resultStr; 
 } 
} 
?> 

八、菜单中获取OpenID

由于菜单中只能填写固定的url地址,对于想要菜单中获取用户的OpenID的情况,可以使用OAuth2.0授权的方式来实现。

URL中填写的地址为一个固定的回调地址。原理方法可以参考  微信公众平台开发(99) 自定义菜单获取OpenID


<?php 
/* 
 洋洋的博客 
*/ 
 
define("TOKEN", "weixin"); 
$wechatObj = new wechatCallbackapiTest(); 
if (isset($_GET['echostr'])) { 
 $wechatObj->valid(); 
}else{ 
 $wechatObj->responseMsg(); 
} 
 
class wechatCallbackapiTest 
{ 
 public function valid() 
 { 
 $echoStr = $_GET["echostr"]; 
 if($this->checkSignature()){ 
 header('content-type:text'); 
 echo $echoStr; 
 exit; 
 } 
 } 
 
 private function checkSignature() 
 { 
 $signature = $_GET["signature"]; 
 $timestamp = $_GET["timestamp"]; 
 $nonce = $_GET["nonce"]; 
 
 $token = TOKEN; 
 $tmpArr = array($token, $timestamp, $nonce); 
 sort($tmpArr, SORT_STRING); 
 $tmpStr = implode( $tmpArr ); 
 $tmpStr = sha1( $tmpStr ); 
 
 if( $tmpStr == $signature ){ 
 return true; 
 }else{ 
 return false; 
 } 
 } 
 
 public function responseMsg() 
 { 
 $postStr = $GLOBALS["HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA"]; 
 
 if (!empty($postStr)){ 
 $postObj = simplexml_load_string($postStr, 'SimpleXMLElement', LIBXML_NOCDATA); 
 $fromUsername = $postObj->FromUserName; 
 $toUsername = $postObj->ToUserName; 
 $keyword = trim($postObj->Content); 
 $time = time(); 
 $textTpl = "<xml> 
 <ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName> 
 <FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName> 
 <CreateTime>%s</CreateTime> 
 <MsgType><![CDATA[%s]]></MsgType> 
 <Content><![CDATA[%s]]></Content> 
 <FuncFlag>0</FuncFlag> 
 </xml>"; 
 if($keyword == "?" || $keyword == "?") 
 { 
 $msgType = "text"; 
 $contentStr = '当前时间是:'.date("Y-m-d H:i:s",time()); 
 $resultStr = sprintf($textTpl, $fromUsername, $toUsername, $time, $msgType, $contentStr); 
 echo $resultStr; 
 } 
 }else{ 
 echo ""; 
 exit; 
 } 
 } 
} 
?> 

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

php 微信 自定义菜单