详谈PHP中的密码安全性Password Hashing

如果你还在用md5加密，建议看看下方密码加密和验证方式。先看一个简单的PasswordHashing例子

如果你还在用md5加密，建议看看下方密码加密和验证方式。

先看一个简单的Password Hashing例子：

<?php

//require 'password.php';
/**
 * 正确的密码是secret-password
 * $passwordHash 是hash 后存储的密码
 * password_verify()用于将用户输入的密码和数据库存储的密码比对。成功返回true，否则false
 */
$passwordHash = password_hash('secret-password', PASSWORD_DEFAULT);
echo $passwordHash;
if (password_verify('bad-password', $passwordHash)) {
 // Correct Password
 echo 'Correct Password';
} else {
 echo 'Wrong password';
 // Wrong password
}

下方代码提供了一个完整的模拟的 User 类，在这个类中，通过使用Password Hashing，既能安全地处理用户的密码，又能支持未来不断变化的安全需求。

<?php
class User
{
 // Store password options so that rehash & hash can share them:
 const HASH = PASSWORD_DEFAULT;
 const COST = 14;//可以确定该算法应多复杂，进而确定生成哈希值将花费多长时间。（将此值视为更改算法本身重新运行的次数，以减缓计算。）

 // Internal data storage about the user:
 public $data;

 // Mock constructor:
 public function __construct() {
 // Read data from the database, storing it into $data such as:
 // $data->passwordHash and $data->username
 $this->data = new stdClass();
 $this->data->passwordHash = 'dbd014125a4bad51db85f27279f1040a';
 }

 // Mock save functionality
 public function save() {
 // Store the data from $data back into the database
 }

 // Allow for changing a new password:
 public function setPassword($password) {
 $this->data->passwordHash = password_hash($password, self::HASH, ['cost' => self::COST]);
 }

 // Logic for logging a user in:
 public function login($password) {
 // First see if they gave the right password:
 echo "Login: ", $this->data->passwordHash, "\n";
 if (password_verify($password, $this->data->passwordHash)) {
 // Success - Now see if their password needs rehashed
 if (password_needs_rehash($this->data->passwordHash, self::HASH, ['cost' => self::COST])) {
 // We need to rehash the password, and save it. Just call setPassword
 $this->setPassword($password);
 $this->save();
 }
 return true; // Or do what you need to mark the user as logged in.
 }
 return false;
 }
}

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