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超轻量级php框架startmvc

swoole_process实现进程池的方法示例

更新时间:2020-03-31 20:06:05 作者:startmvc
swoole——重新定义PHPswoole的进程之间有两种通信方式,一种是消息队列(queue),另一种是管

swoole —— 重新定义PHP

swoole 的进程之间有两种通信方式,一种是消息队列(queue),另一种是管道(pipe),对swoole_process 的研究在swoole中显得尤为重要。

预备知识

IO多路复用

swoole 中的io多路复用表现为底层的 epoll进程模型,在C语言中表现为 epoll 函数。

  • epoll 模型下会持续监听自己名下的素有socket 描述符 fd
  • 当触发了 socket 监听的事件时,epoll 函数才会响应,并返回所有监听该时间的 socket 集合
  • epoll 的本质是阻塞IO,它的优点在于能同事处理大量socket连接

Event loop 事件循环

swoole 对 epoll 实现了一个Reactor线程模型封装,设置了read事件和write事件的监听回调函数。(详见swoole_event_add)

  • Event loop 是一个Reactor线程,其中运行了一个epoll实例。
  • 通过swoole_event_add将socket描述符的一个事件添加到epoll监听中,事件发生时将执行回调函数
  • 不可用于fpm环境下,因为fpm在任务结束时可能会关掉进程。

swoole_process

  • 基于C语言封装的进程管理模块,方便php来调用
  • 内置管道、消息队列接口,方便实现进程间通信

我们在php-fpm.conf配置文件中发现,php-fpm中有两种进程池管理设置。

  • 静态模式 即初始化固定的进程数,当来了一个请求时,从中选取一个进程来处理。
  • 动态模式 指定最小、最大进程数,当请求量过大,进程数不超过最大限制时,新增线程去处理请求

接下来用swoole代码来实现,这里只是为理解swoole_process、进程间通信、定时器等使用,实际情况使用封装好的swoole_server来实现task任务队列池会更方便。

假如有个定时投递的任务队列:


<?php

/**
 * 动态进程池,类似fpm
 * 动态新建进程
 * 有初始进程数,最小进程数,进程不够处理时候新建进程,不超过最大进程数
 */

// 一个进程定时投递任务

/**
 * 1. tick
 * 2. process及其管道通讯
 * 3. event loop 事件循环
 */
class processPool
{
 private $pool;

 /**
 * @var swoole_process[] 记录所有worker的process对象
 */
 private $workers = [];

 /**
 * @var array 记录worker工作状态
 */
 private $used_workers = [];

 /**
 * @var int 最小进程数
 */
 private $min_woker_num = 5;

 /**
 * @var int 初始进程数
 */
 private $start_worker_num = 10;

 /**
 * @var int 最大进程数
 */
 private $max_woker_num = 20;

 /**
 * 进程闲置销毁秒数
 * @var int
 */
 private $idle_seconds = 5;

 /**
 * @var int 当前进程数
 */
 private $curr_num;

 /**
 * 闲置进程时间戳
 * @var array
 */
 private $active_time = [];

 public function __construct()
 {
 $this->pool = new swoole_process(function () {
 // 循环建立worker进程
 for ($i = 0; $i < $this->start_worker_num; $i++) {
 $this->createWorker();
 }
 echo '初始化进程数:' . $this->curr_num . PHP_EOL;
 // 每秒定时往闲置的worker的管道中投递任务
 swoole_timer_tick(1000, function ($timer_id) {
 static $count = 0;
 $count++;
 $need_create = true;
 foreach ($this->used_workers as $pid => $used) {
 if ($used == 0) {
 $need_create = false;
 $this->workers[$pid]->write($count . ' job');
 // 标记使用中
 $this->used_workers[$pid] = 1;
 $this->active_time[$pid] = time();
 break;
 }
 }
 foreach ($this->used_workers as $pid => $used)
 // 如果所有worker队列都没有闲置的,则新建一个worker来处理
 if ($need_create && $this->curr_num < $this->max_woker_num) {
 $new_pid = $this->createWorker();
 $this->workers[$new_pid]->write($count . ' job');
 $this->used_workers[$new_pid] = 1;
 $this->active_time[$new_pid] = time();
 }

 // 闲置超过一段时间则销毁进程
 foreach ($this->active_time as $pid => $timestamp) {
 if ((time() - $timestamp) > $this->idle_seconds && $this->curr_num > $this->min_woker_num) {
 // 销毁该进程
 if (isset($this->workers[$pid]) && $this->workers[$pid] instanceof swoole_process) {
 $this->workers[$pid]->write('exit');
 unset($this->workers[$pid]);
 $this->curr_num = count($this->workers);
 unset($this->used_workers[$pid]);
 unset($this->active_time[$pid]);
 echo "{$pid} destroyed\n";
 break;
 }
 }
 }

 echo "任务{$count}/{$this->curr_num}\n";

 if ($count == 20) {
 foreach ($this->workers as $pid => $worker) {
 $worker->write('exit');
 }
 // 关闭定时器
 swoole_timer_clear($timer_id);
 // 退出进程池
 $this->pool->exit(0);
 exit();
 }
 });

 });

 $master_pid = $this->pool->start();
 echo "Master $master_pid start\n";

 while ($ret = swoole_process::wait()) {
 $pid = $ret['pid'];
 echo "process {$pid} existed\n";
 }
 }

 /**
 * 创建一个新进程
 * @return int 新进程的pid
 */
 public function createWorker()
 {
 $worker_process = new swoole_process(function (swoole_process $worker) {
 // 给子进程管道绑定事件
 swoole_event_add($worker->pipe, function ($pipe) use ($worker) {
 $data = trim($worker->read());
 if ($data == 'exit') {
 $worker->exit(0);
 exit();
 }
 echo "{$worker->pid} 正在处理 {$data}\n";
 sleep(5);
 // 返回结果,表示空闲
 $worker->write("complete");
 });
 });

 $worker_pid = $worker_process->start();

 // 给父进程管道绑定事件
 swoole_event_add($worker_process->pipe, function ($pipe) use ($worker_process) {
 $data = trim($worker_process->read());
 if ($data == 'complete') {
 // 标记为空闲
// echo "{$worker_process->pid} 空闲了\n";
 $this->used_workers[$worker_process->pid] = 0;
 }
 });

 // 保存process对象
 $this->workers[$worker_pid] = $worker_process;
 // 标记为空闲
 $this->used_workers[$worker_pid] = 0;
 $this->active_time[$worker_pid] = time();
 $this->curr_num = count($this->workers);
 return $worker_pid;
 }

}

new processPool();

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。

swoole_process 进程池