JavaScript

超轻量级php框架startmvc

JS实现图片轮播效果实例详解【可自动和手动】

更新时间:2020-08-20 11:48:01 作者:startmvc
本文实例讲述了JS实现图片轮播效果。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:本次轮播效果图

本文实例讲述了JS实现图片轮播效果。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:

本次轮播效果图如下:

具有以下功能:1.自动播放(鼠标进入显示区域时停止播放) 2.左右焦点切换  3.底下小按钮切换

以下为实现代码:

首先是html代码:


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>最简单的轮播效果</title>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box" id="box">
 <div class="inner">
 <!--轮播图-->
 <ul>
 <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" ><img src="images/1.jpg" alt=""></a></li>
 <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" ><img src="images/2.jpg" alt=""></a></li>
 <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" ><img src="images/3.jpg" alt=""></a></li>
 <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" ><img src="images/4.jpg" alt=""></a></li>
 <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" ><img src="images/5.jpg" alt=""></a></li>
 </ul>
 <ol class="bar">
 小按钮数量无法确定,由js动态生成
 </ol>
 <!--左右焦点-->
 <div id="arr">
 <span id="left"> <</span>
 <span id="right">></span>
 </div>

 </div>
</div>

</body>
</html>

接下来是css样式:

<style>
 * {
 margin: 0;
 padding: 0
 }
 .box {
 width: 500px;
 height: 300px;
 border: 1px solid #ccc;
 margin: 100px auto;
 padding: 5px;

 }
 .inner{
 width: 500px;
 height: 300px;
 position: relative;
 overflow: hidden;
 }
 .inner img{
 width: 500px;
 height: 300px;
 vertical-align: top
 }
 ul {
 width: 1000%;
 position: absolute;
 list-style: none;
 left:0;
 top: 0;
 }
 .inner li{
 float: left;

 }

 ol {
 position: absolute;
 height: 20px;
 right: 20px;
 bottom: 20px;
 text-align: center;
 padding: 5px;
 }
 ol li{
 display: inline-block;
 width: 20px;
 height: 20px;
 line-height: 20px;
 background-color: #fff;
 margin: 5px;
 cursor: pointer;

 }
 ol .current{
 background-color: red;
 }
 #arr{
 display: none;
 }
 #arr span{
 width: 40px;
 height: 40px;
 position: absolute;
 left: 5px;
 top: 50%;
 margin-top: -20px;
 background: #fff;
 cursor: pointer;
 line-height: 40px;
 text-align: center;
 font-weight: bold;
 font-family: '黑体';
 font-size: 30px;
 color: #000;
 opacity: 0.5;
 border: 1px solid #fff;
 }
 #arr #right {
 right: 5px;
 left: auto;
 }

第三部分是最主要的js代码:


<script>
 /**
 *
 * @param id 传入元素的id
 * @returns {HTMLElement | null} 返回标签对象,方便获取元素
 */
 function my$(id) {
 return document.getElementById(id);
 }

 //获取各元素,方便操作
 var box=my$("box");
 var inner=box.children[0];
 var ulObj=inner.children[0];
 var list=ulObj.children;
 var olObj=inner.children[1];
 var arr=my$("arr");
 var imgWidth=inner.offsetWidth;
 var right=my$("right");
 var pic=0;
 //根据li个数,创建小按钮
 for(var i=0;i<list.length;i++){
 var liObj=document.createElement("li");

 olObj.appendChild(liObj);
 liObj.innerText=(i+1);
 liObj.setAttribute("index",i);

 //为按钮注册mouseover事件
 liObj.onmouseover=function () {
 //先清除所有按钮的样式

 for (var j=0;j<olObj.children.length;j++){
 olObj.children[j].removeAttribute("class");
 }
 this.className="current";
 pic=this.getAttribute("index");
 animate(ulObj,-pic*imgWidth);
 }

 }


 //设置ol中第一个li有背景颜色
 olObj.children[0].className = "current";
 //克隆一个ul中第一个li,加入到ul中的最后=====克隆
 ulObj.appendChild(ulObj.children[0].cloneNode(true));

 var timeId=setInterval(onmouseclickHandle,1000);
 //左右焦点实现点击切换图片功能
 box.onmouseover=function () {
 arr.style.display="block";
 clearInterval(timeId);
 };
 box.onmouseout=function () {
 arr.style.display="none";
 timeId=setInterval(onmouseclickHandle,1000);
 };

 right.onclick=onmouseclickHandle;
 function onmouseclickHandle() {
 //如果pic的值是5,恰巧是ul中li的个数-1的值,此时页面显示第六个图片,而用户会认为这是第一个图,
 //所以,如果用户再次点击按钮,用户应该看到第二个图片
 if (pic == list.length - 1) {
 //如何从第6个图,跳转到第一个图
 pic = 0;//先设置pic=0
 ulObj.style.left = 0 + "px";//把ul的位置还原成开始的默认位置
 }
 pic++;//立刻设置pic加1,那么此时用户就会看到第二个图片了
 animate(ulObj, -pic * imgWidth);//pic从0的值加1之后,pic的值是1,然后ul移动出去一个图片
 //如果pic==5说明,此时显示第6个图(内容是第一张图片),第一个小按钮有颜色,
 if (pic == list.length - 1) {
 //第五个按钮颜色干掉
 olObj.children[olObj.children.length - 1].className = "";
 //第一个按钮颜色设置上
 olObj.children[0].className = "current";
 } else {
 //干掉所有的小按钮的背景颜色
 for (var i = 0; i < olObj.children.length; i++) {
 olObj.children[i].removeAttribute("class");
 }
 olObj.children[pic].className = "current";
 }
 }
 left.onclick=function () {
 if (pic==0){
 pic=list.length-1;
 ulObj.style.left=-pic*imgWidth+"px";
 }
 pic--;
 animate(ulObj,-pic*imgWidth);
 for (var i = 0; i < olObj.children.length; i++) {
 olObj.children[i].removeAttribute("class");
 }
 //当前的pic索引对应的按钮设置颜色
 olObj.children[pic].className = "current";
 };

 //设置任意的一个元素,移动到指定的目标位置
 function animate(element, target) {
 clearInterval(element.timeId);
 //定时器的id值存储到对象的一个属性中
 element.timeId = setInterval(function () {
 //获取元素的当前的位置,数字类型
 var current = element.offsetLeft;
 //每次移动的距离
 var step = 10;
 step = current < target ? step : -step;
 //当前移动到位置
 current += step;
 if (Math.abs(current - target) > Math.abs(step)) {
 element.style.left = current + "px";
 } else {
 //清理定时器
 clearInterval(element.timeId);
 //直接到达目标
 element.style.left = target + "px";
 }
 }, 10);
 }
</script>

所有用图片如下:

1.jpg

2.jpg

3.jpg

4.jpg

5.jpg

下面是完整的代码:


<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
 <meta charset="UTF-8">
 <title>最简单的轮播效果</title>
 <style>
 * {
 margin: 0;
 padding: 0
 }
 .box {
 width: 500px;
 height: 300px;
 border: 1px solid #ccc;
 margin: 100px auto;
 padding: 5px;

 }
 .inner{
 width: 500px;
 height: 300px;
 position: relative;
 overflow: hidden;
 }
 .inner img{
 width: 500px;
 height: 300px;
 vertical-align: top
 }
 ul {
 width: 1000%;
 position: absolute;
 list-style: none;
 left:0;
 top: 0;
 }
 .inner li{
 float: left;

 }

 ol {
 position: absolute;
 height: 20px;
 right: 20px;
 bottom: 20px;
 text-align: center;
 padding: 5px;
 }
 ol li{
 display: inline-block;
 width: 20px;
 height: 20px;
 line-height: 20px;
 background-color: #fff;
 margin: 5px;
 cursor: pointer;

 }
 ol .current{
 background-color: red;
 }
 #arr{
 display: none;
 }
 #arr span{
 width: 40px;
 height: 40px;
 position: absolute;
 left: 5px;
 top: 50%;
 margin-top: -20px;
 background: #fff;
 cursor: pointer;
 line-height: 40px;
 text-align: center;
 font-weight: bold;
 font-family: '黑体';
 font-size: 30px;
 color: #000;
 opacity: 0.5;
 border: 1px solid #fff;
 }
 #arr #right {
 right: 5px;
 left: auto;
 }
 </style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="box" id="box">
 <div class="inner">
 <!--轮播图-->
 <ul>
 <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" ><img src="images/1.jpg" alt=""></a></li>
 <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" ><img src="images/2.jpg" alt=""></a></li>
 <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" ><img src="images/3.jpg" alt=""></a></li>
 <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" ><img src="images/4.jpg" alt=""></a></li>
 <li><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" ><img src="images/5.jpg" alt=""></a></li>

 </ul>

 <ol class="bar">

 </ol>
 <!--左右焦点-->
 <div id="arr">
 <span id="left">
 <
 </span>
 <span id="right">
 >
 </span>
 </div>

 </div>
</div>
<script>
 /**
 *
 * @param id 传入元素的id
 * @returns {HTMLElement | null} 返回标签对象,方便获取元素
 */
 function my$(id) {
 return document.getElementById(id);
 }

 //获取各元素,方便操作
 var box=my$("box");
 var inner=box.children[0];
 var ulObj=inner.children[0];
 var list=ulObj.children;
 var olObj=inner.children[1];
 var arr=my$("arr");
 var imgWidth=inner.offsetWidth;
 var right=my$("right");
 var pic=0;
 //根据li个数,创建小按钮
 for(var i=0;i<list.length;i++){
 var liObj=document.createElement("li");

 olObj.appendChild(liObj);
 liObj.innerText=(i+1);
 liObj.setAttribute("index",i);

 //为按钮注册mouseover事件
 liObj.onmouseover=function () {
 //先清除所有按钮的样式

 for (var j=0;j<olObj.children.length;j++){
 olObj.children[j].removeAttribute("class");
 }
 this.className="current";
 pic=this.getAttribute("index");
 animate(ulObj,-pic*imgWidth);
 }

 }


 //设置ol中第一个li有背景颜色
 olObj.children[0].className = "current";
 //克隆一个ul中第一个li,加入到ul中的最后=====克隆
 ulObj.appendChild(ulObj.children[0].cloneNode(true));

 var timeId=setInterval(onmouseclickHandle,1000);
 //左右焦点实现点击切换图片功能
 box.onmouseover=function () {
 arr.style.display="block";
 clearInterval(timeId);
 };
 box.onmouseout=function () {
 arr.style.display="none";
 timeId=setInterval(onmouseclickHandle,1000);
 };

 right.onclick=onmouseclickHandle;
 function onmouseclickHandle() {
 //如果pic的值是5,恰巧是ul中li的个数-1的值,此时页面显示第六个图片,而用户会认为这是第一个图,
 //所以,如果用户再次点击按钮,用户应该看到第二个图片
 if (pic == list.length - 1) {
 //如何从第6个图,跳转到第一个图
 pic = 0;//先设置pic=0
 ulObj.style.left = 0 + "px";//把ul的位置还原成开始的默认位置
 }
 pic++;//立刻设置pic加1,那么此时用户就会看到第二个图片了
 animate(ulObj, -pic * imgWidth);//pic从0的值加1之后,pic的值是1,然后ul移动出去一个图片
 //如果pic==5说明,此时显示第6个图(内容是第一张图片),第一个小按钮有颜色,
 if (pic == list.length - 1) {
 //第五个按钮颜色干掉
 olObj.children[olObj.children.length - 1].className = "";
 //第一个按钮颜色设置上
 olObj.children[0].className = "current";
 } else {
 //干掉所有的小按钮的背景颜色
 for (var i = 0; i < olObj.children.length; i++) {
 olObj.children[i].removeAttribute("class");
 }
 olObj.children[pic].className = "current";
 }
 }
 left.onclick=function () {
 if (pic==0){
 pic=list.length-1;
 ulObj.style.left=-pic*imgWidth+"px";
 }
 pic--;
 animate(ulObj,-pic*imgWidth);
 for (var i = 0; i < olObj.children.length; i++) {
 olObj.children[i].removeAttribute("class");
 }
 //当前的pic索引对应的按钮设置颜色
 olObj.children[pic].className = "current";
 };

 //设置任意的一个元素,移动到指定的目标位置
 function animate(element, target) {
 clearInterval(element.timeId);
 //定时器的id值存储到对象的一个属性中
 element.timeId = setInterval(function () {
 //获取元素的当前的位置,数字类型
 var current = element.offsetLeft;
 //每次移动的距离
 var step = 10;
 step = current < target ? step : -step;
 //当前移动到位置
 current += step;
 if (Math.abs(current - target) > Math.abs(step)) {
 element.style.left = current + "px";
 } else {
 //清理定时器
 clearInterval(element.timeId);
 //直接到达目标
 element.style.left = target + "px";
 }
 }, 10);
 }
</script>
</body>
</html>
JS 图片轮播